Risk factors for recurrent falls in older adults: a study protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis

Jehu, Deborah A.; Davis, Jennifer C.; Liu‐Ambrose, Teresa

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033602

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Older women are more prone to falls and increased injury severity (World Health Organization, 2021). Recurrent falls, defined as two or more falls in a 12‐month period (Dai et al, 2018; Jehu et al, 2020; Waldron et al, 2012), are associated with more serious morbidity such as mobility limitation and hospitalization, and mortality, compared to single fall events (Dai et al, 2018). Therefore, modifiable risk factors associated with recurrent falls warrant further investigation (Cederbom & Arkkukangas, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe low back or lower limb pain is associated with recurrent falls among older Australians

Tse

Ward

McNeil

et al. 2022

European Journal of Pain

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Background: Few studies have explored the impact of low back or lower limb pain severity on recurrent (≥2) falls in older adults. Objectives: Investigate the association between the severity of low back or lower limb pain, and ≥2 falls or falls-related injuries. Methods: Community-dwelling Australian males and females in the ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP), aged ≥70 years. Self-reported, cross-sectional questionnaire data regarding number of falls and falls-related injuries in the last 12 months; and sites and severity of pain experienced on most days. Adjusted relative risks (RR) were estimated from multivariable Poisson regression models, for males and females separately. Results: Of 14,892 ALSOP participants, 13% (n = 1983) reported ≥2 falls ('recurrent fallers') in the last 12 months. Males and females who reported severe low back, or severe lower limb pain on most days were more likely to report ≥2 falls in the last 12 months compared to those with mild pain (lower back: males RR = 1.70 and females RR = 1.5, p = 0.001; lower limb: males RR = 2.0, p < 0.001 and females RR = 1.4, p = 0.003). Female recurrent fallers who reported severe

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe low back or lower limb pain is associated with recurrent falls among older Australians

Tse

Ward

McNeil

et al. 2022

European Journal of Pain

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“…6,12,50,55 For these reasons, multiple risk factors should be collected to better capture falls risk. 22 Age-related changes to muscle strength, balance, and functional mobility highlight the importance for interventions targeted at mitigating these deficits.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 8 Weeks of Balance Training, Virtual Reality Training, and Combined Exercise on Lower Limb Muscle Strength, Balance, and Functional Mobility Among Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Saad

Jehu

Daneshjoo

et al. 2021

Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach

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Background: Poor muscle strength, balance, and functional mobility have predicted falls in older adults. Fall prevention guidelines recommend highly challenging balance training modes to decrease falls; however, it is unclear whether certain modes are more effective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether traditional balance training (BT), virtual reality balance training (VR), or combined exercise (MIX) relative to a waitlist control group (CON) would provoke greater improvements in strength, balance, and functional mobility as falls risk factor proxies for falls in older men. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that 8 weeks of MIX will provoke the greatest improvements in falls risk factors, followed by similar improvements after BT and VR, relative to the CON. Study Design: Single-blinded randomized controlled trial NCT02778841 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier). Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: In total, 64 community-dwelling older men (age 71.8 ± 6.09 years) were randomly assigned into BT, VR, MIX, and CON groups and tested at baseline and at the 8-week follow-up. The training groups exercised for 40 minutes, 3 times per week, for 8 weeks. Isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings strength on the dominant and nondominant legs were primary outcomes measured by the Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer. Secondary outcomes included 1-legged stance on firm and foam surfaces, tandem stance, the timed-up-and-go, and gait speed. Separate one-way analyses of covariance between groups were conducted for each outcome using baseline scores as covariates. Results: (1) MIX elicited greater improvements in strength, balance, and functional mobility relative to BT, VR, and CON; (2) VR exhibited better balance and functional mobility relative to BT and CON; and (3) BT demonstrated better balance and functional mobility relative to CON. Conclusion: The moderate to large effect sizes in strength and large effect sizes for balance and functional mobility underline that MIX is an effective method to improve falls risk among older adults. Clinical Relevance: This study forms the basis for a larger trial powered for falls.

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“…39 Injurious falls need hospitalization and can lead to physical problems and discomfort with a wide range of temporary and permanent disabilities, stress, and imposing exorbitant economic costs on families and society. 38 There are some drawbacks to this study. First, it was a unicenter study in a referral trauma center in the north-east of Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Moreover, we found a significant group difference in severity of injury, which favors the efficacy of discharge planning program to reduce severity of injury in the next event of falls. History of fall by itself is a risk factor for recurrent falls 38,39. It is well documented that an injurious fall predisposes the aged victims to more severe and injurious recurrent falls 39.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…History of fall by itself is a risk factor for recurrent falls. 38,39 It is well documented that an injurious fall predisposes the aged victims to more severe and injurious recurrent falls. 39 Injurious falls need hospitalization and can lead to physical problems and discomfort with a wide range of temporary and permanent disabilities, stress, and imposing exorbitant economic costs on families and society.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Nursing Discharge Planning Program to Prevent Recurrent Falls, Readmission, and Length of Hospital Stay in the Aged Patients

Dadgari

Rahmani

Mirrezaie

2022

Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation

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Background and Purpose: One of the interventions that can be effective in preventing recurrence and readmission due to falls is the use of nursing discharge planning program. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nursing discharge planning program in preventing recurrent falls and readmission in the elderly referred to the trauma center. Methods: The study was a parallel randomized controlled trial. The data were collected from hospital electronic data, patients' self-report, and injury severity scale. In this study, participants (n = 169) were divided into 2 groups using an Excel-generated random sequence. In the experimental group, a discharge planning program was applied. Individualized training with a booklet for the patient and his primary caregiver was conducted for 4 sessions; each session lasted 30 to 60 minutes. The participants were followed for 6 months. Results:The mean and standard deviation of the participants' age were 76 ± 10 years. Prior to implementation of the program, the participants in the control and intervention groups did not differ significantly in age, independence, cognitive status, and severity of the injury. Postimplementation of discharge planning program, a significant decrease in falls (P < .049), hospitalization readmission (P < .014), length of hospital stay (P < .018), and severity of injury (P < .00) were observed in the intervention group compared with the control group. Discussion and Conclusions: Participants in the discharge planning program experienced lower severity of injury in the subsequent episode of falls. In addition, subjects' readmission and hospital stay were shorter in the experimental group. Discharge planning program is recommended to be implemented in other age-related distributions.

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Risk factors for recurrent falls in older adults: a study protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Severe low back or lower limb pain is associated with recurrent falls among older Australians

Severe low back or lower limb pain is associated with recurrent falls among older Australians

Effects of 8 Weeks of Balance Training, Virtual Reality Training, and Combined Exercise on Lower Limb Muscle Strength, Balance, and Functional Mobility Among Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effect of Nursing Discharge Planning Program to Prevent Recurrent Falls, Readmission, and Length of Hospital Stay in the Aged Patients

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