Risk Factors for Suicide and Attempted Suicide among Young People

Beautrais, Annette L.

doi:10.1080/j.1440-1614.2000.00691.x

Cited by 428 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 186 publications

(291 reference statements)

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“…For example, Brezo et al [20] showed that sexual abuse by a member of the immediate family was associated with the highest suicide risk, perhaps because such abuse occurs more frequently in families with multiple difficulties that do not usually guarantee safe conditions after abuse. Also, sexual abuse by a family member can exert long-term consequences on the development of healthy attachment patterns that are needed for mental health [50]. Sexual abuse by an intimate partner also appears to carry significant risk, such as elevated levels of antisocial, violent, and suicidal behavior [19].…”

Section: Summary Of Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life adversities and suicidal behavior in young individuals: a systematic review

Serafini

Muzio

Piccinini

et al. 2015

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

160

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Suicidal behavior in young people is a significant public health problem. However, it is not yet clear whether adversities (adverse life events) may be related to suicidality in adolescence and early adulthood. This paper aimed to investigate systematically the association between the type/number of adverse life events and experiences and suicidal behavior in young people. We developed a detailed strategy to search relevant articles in Pubmed, Scopus, PsycInfo, and Science Direct (January 1980-January 2015) about adverse life events and suicidal behavior. Adverse life events and experiences included maltreatment and violence, loss events, intra-familial problems, school and interpersonal problems. Studies were restricted to suicidal behavior in young people aged 10-25 years. The search yielded 245 articles, of which 28 met our inclusion criteria. Most studies reported a strong association between adversities and suicidality (both suicidal ideation and attempts). Based on the main results, the number of adversities or negative life events experienced seemed to have a positive dose-response relationship with youth suicidal behavior. However, the type of event experienced also appeared to matter: one of the most consistent findings was the association between suicidal behavior and experience of sexual abuse. More prospective studies are needed to elucidate the relative importance of risk accumulation and risk specificity for youth suicide.

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Section: Summary Of Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life adversities and suicidal behavior in young individuals: a systematic review

Serafini

Muzio

Piccinini

et al. 2015

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Social support, Affective Disorders, and Suicide Ideation Suicide attempts among youth have been shown to be associated with a variety of factors including mood disorders such as depression (Beautrais 2000); substance use (Woods et al 1997), loss of a family member or friend to suicide (Brent et al 1996), access to firearms (Miller et al 2002) and female gender (Bae et al 2005;BlairWest et al 1999;Lewinsohn et al 2001). Research suggests that females experience more affective disorders and receive less social support compared to males (Hough et al 1999;Pelkonen and Marttunen 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Positive and Negative Social Exchanges Between Adolescents, their Peers and Family as Predictors of Suicide Ideation

Bertera

2007

Child Adolesc Soc Work J

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The role of positive and negative social exchanges between adolescents, their peers and family as predictors of suicide ideation was investigated in a national random sample of 1591 adolescents from the US National Comorbidity Survey. Four indexes measured socio-emotional exchanges by type (positive or negative) and by source (family or peers). Negative exchanges with family were associated with increased suicide ideation scores in younger (15-17) but not in older (18)(19) adolescents. Positive support provided as significant buffering effect that was agespecific and independent of gender, income or mood disorders. Providers, especially social workers need to identify both positive and negative exchanges that adolescents experience with family and peers.

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“…Depressive mood is a well-known risk factor for suicidal ideation and behaviors, along with PTSD (Beautrais, 2000;Devenish, Berk, & Lewis, 2016;Krysinska & Lester, 2010;Miller & Eckert, 2009). Recent studies also show that among sexually abused adolescents, not only do depressive and PTSD symptoms predict suicidal ideation (Brabant, Hébert, & Chagnon, 2014), but depressed mood also mediates the relationship between sexual abuse and suicidal ideation (Sigfusdottir, Asgeirsdottir, Gudjonsson, & Sigurdsson, 2013).…”

Section: Coping Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Suicidal Ideation Among Sexually Abused Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of Shame

Alix

Cossette

Hébert

et al. 2017

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

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Sexual abuse is associated with a host of negative repercussions in adolescence. Yet, the possible mechanisms linking sexual abuse and negative outcomes are understudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-blame, shame, coping strategies, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. The sample included 147 sexually abused adolescent girls between 14 and 18 years of age. A total of 66% of girls reached clinical score for PTSD and 53% reached clinical score for depressive symptoms. Close to half (46%) reported suicidal thoughts in the past three months. Shame was found to partially mediate the relationship between self-blame and PTSD. Shame and depressive symptoms were also found to partially mediate the relationship between self-blame and suicidal ideation. Results suggest that shame is a crucial target in interventions designed for sexually abused adolescent girls. KeywordsChild sexual abuse; attributions; stigma; coping strategies; depression; self-blame The consequences associated with child sexual abuse (CSA) have been studied for more than three decades now. The bulk of studies have shown more depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal ideation (Hillberg, Hamilton-Giachritsis, & Dixon, 2011;Maniglio, 2009;Paolucci, Genuis, & Violato, 2001) among CSA victims than among the general population, especially during adolescence (Kendall-Tackett, Williams, & Finkelhor, 1993;Tyler, 2002). A recent review revealed a significant association between CSA and suicidal ideation or attempts in 49 out of 52 studies conducted with adolescents (Miller, Esposito-Smythers, Weismoore, & Renshaw, 2013). The risk for CSA increases substantially in late adolescence for girls with 36.8% of CSA occurring between their 15th and 17th birthday (Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner, & Hamby, 2014 CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author ManuscriptAccording to Whiffen and MacIntosh (2005), now that the association between CSA and emotional distress has been documented, research should focus on identifying the underlying mechanisms involved in this link. In their review of the literature, shame, selfblame, and avoidance coping strategies were identified as crucial factors related to a heightened risk of emotional distress among victims of CSA. Yet, few studies have explored the impact of these factors on outcomes in sexually abused adolescents. The aim of the present study was to further investigate self-blame, shame, and coping strategies among sexually abused adolescent girls and their impact on PTSD, depression, and suicidal ideation by testing a mediational model. Self-blame and shameThe Traumagenic Dynamic of Stigmatization model proposed by Finkelhor and Browne (1985) was the first to emphasize the role of shame and self-blame in the symptomatology of sexually abused youth. According to these authors, the negative connotations surrounding sexual abuse (taboo, shame, guilt, blaming the victim) are communicated to th...

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Risk Factors for Suicide and Attempted Suicide among Young People

Cited by 428 publications

References 186 publications

Life adversities and suicidal behavior in young individuals: a systematic review

Life adversities and suicidal behavior in young individuals: a systematic review

The Role of Positive and Negative Social Exchanges Between Adolescents, their Peers and Family as Predictors of Suicide Ideation

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Suicidal Ideation Among Sexually Abused Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of Shame

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