Risk factors for the development of postoperative pneumonia after cardiac surgery

Urquiza, Rafael Vera; Reta, Eduardo Rafael Bucio; Bárcenas, Enrique Alexander Berríos; Machain, Tania Choreño

doi:10.1016/j.acmx.2015.12.005

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this trial, postoperative pneumonia occurred in 10.3% of the total sample. This percentage falls within the reported range of pneumonia post‐cardiac surgery of 1.5%–20% (Al‐Qubati et al, 2013; Sachdev & Napolitano, 2012; Vera Urquiza et al, 2016). Incidence was higher in the control group (17.9%) compared with the intervention group (2.6%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Nurse‐guided incentive spirometry use and postoperative pulmonary complications among cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial

Alwekhyan

Alshraideh

Yousef

et al. 2021

Int J of Nursing Practice

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Aims To assess the effect of nurse‐guided use of incentive spirometer on postoperative oxygenation and pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Background Deep breathing exercises have been shown to improve postoperative lung expansion and reduce pulmonary complications. An incentive spirometer is a deep breathing exercises device that imitates continuous sigh‐like maximal inspiration. Design Randomized control trial, two groups nonblinded parallel design. Methods A total of n = 89 eligible patients were randomized to either control or intervention group. Patients in the intervention group received bihourly nurse‐guided incentive spirometry for 48‐h postextubation. The endpoints were: the number and duration of hypoxic events during the first 24‐hr postsurgery, pneumonia and pulmonary function parameters. Data were collected May to September 2019. Results Patients in the intervention group had a significantly lower mean number of hypoxic events with shorter duration and shorter length of stay in the hospital and the ICU. Patients in the intervention group also had greater postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second. Conclusion Nurse‐guided use of the incentive spirometer reduces the risk of pulmonary complications and hospital length of stay after cardiac surgery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Nurse‐guided incentive spirometry use and postoperative pulmonary complications among cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial

Alwekhyan

Alshraideh

Yousef

et al. 2021

Int J of Nursing Practice

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“…Likosky et al [35] retrospectively reported on 16,182 patients who underwent CABG and out of the 39.9% of patients who were transfused RBCs, 3.6% developed postoperative pneumonia. A prospective study by Vera Urquiza et al [36] followed 211 cardiac surgery patients, and postoperative pneumonia developed with an incidence of 14.6%. Kilic et al [37] described a retrospective study of 6,222 cardiac surgery patients with a postoperative pneumonia incidence of 4.5%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the odds of postoperative pneumonia increased with increasing RBC units transfused (P < 0.001). Vera Urquiza et al [36] determined independent risk factors for postoperative pneumonia were hypertension (OR: 3.94; 95% CI: 1.3 - 11.9; P = 0.01), chronic renal failure (OR: 13.67; 95% CI: 1.5 - 124.3; P = 0.02), re-intubation (OR: 22.29; 95% CI, 3.5 - 139.8; P = 0.001), and extubation after 6 h (OR: 15.81; 95% CI: 2.2 - 110.7; P = 0.005). The risk factors that Allou et al [38] identified were congestive heart failure (OR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.17 - 4.46; P = 0.016), age (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.06; P = 0.02), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.19 - 4.30; P = 0.01), and time to onset of postoperative pneumonia (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.39, P = 0.04).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Postoperative Pneumonia

et al. 2017

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Postoperative pneumonia is a common complication of surgery, and is associated with marked morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in surgical and anesthetic technique, it persists as a frequent postoperative complication. Many studies have aimed to assess its burden, as well as associated risk factors. However, this complication varies among the different surgical specialties, and there is a paucity of reports that comprehensively evaluate this complication. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the epidemiology and risk factors of postoperative pneumonia in the setting of: 1) general surgery; 2) cardiothoracic surgery; 3) orthopedic and spine surgery; and 4) head and neck surgery.

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“…It further illustrates the robustness of our results and that low platelet count is a risk factor of postoperative pneumonia in AAAD patients. Besides, other risk factors have also been reported to be related to postoperative pneumonia, such as hypertension, chronic renal failure (12), age >70 years (13), perioperative transfusions (14), type of surgery, weight loss, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, general anesthesia, smoking and alcohol use (15). Therefore, early intervention for these risk factors might be helpful to prevent postoperative pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low platelet count is a risk factor of postoperative pneumonia in patients with type A acute aortic dissection

Liu¹,

He²,

Mei³

et al. 2020

J Thorac Dis

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Background: Previous studies have already established that low platelet count is related to adverse outcomes in patients with type A acute aortic dissection (AAAD). However, there are yet limited studies investigating the association of platelet count and the risk of postoperative pneumonia in AAAD patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2014 to May 2019. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. The correlation between platelet count and postoperative pneumonia was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the predictive power of platelet count on pneumonia. Results: A total of 268 patients with AAAD were enrolled. The overall incidence of pneumonia was 36.94% (n=99). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that platelet count was negatively associated with the risk of postoperative pneumonia (OR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88-0.98) after adjusting for the confounders.Compared to the lowest platelet count tertile (T1), medium platelet count (T2) and highest platelet count (T3) had a lower risk of postoperative pneumonia after adjusting for the confounders (OR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.40-1.60; OR 0.30, 95% CI: 0.13-0.66; respectively). A similar trend was observed when the platelet count was handled as categorical variables (tertiles). The area under the ROC curve was 0.635 (95% CI: 0.565-0.707), with a sensitivity of 76.77%, a specificity of 50.89% and an accuracy of 60.45%. Conclusions:Our findings indicate that low platelet count is an independent risk factor of postoperative pneumonia in patients with AAAD and has a specific predictive power on the risk of postoperative pneumonia.

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Risk factors for the development of postoperative pneumonia after cardiac surgery

Abstract: Main determinants for pneumonia after surgery were hypertension, chronic renal failure, extubation after 6h and reintubation.

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Nurse‐guided incentive spirometry use and postoperative pulmonary complications among cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial

Nurse‐guided incentive spirometry use and postoperative pulmonary complications among cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled trial

The Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Postoperative Pneumonia

Low platelet count is a risk factor of postoperative pneumonia in patients with type A acute aortic dissection

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