Risk factors for the development of otitis media

Dhooge, Ingeborg

doi:10.1007/s11882-003-0092-8

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Most of the earlier reports indicated the prevalence of OM in younger age group but there is scarcity of data available in other age groups. 4,7 In the present study, 35.8% of the subjects with OM were below 15 years. The onset of ASOM is not only accompanied by symptoms and signs of otalgia, irritability or fever but also have a shortlived defect in the tympanic membrane.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 40%

“…1,2 Nearly 90% of OM is mostly seen in younger children less than 2 years of age but its occurrence may also be seen in adults. 3,4 The vulnerability of OM in relation to aetiopathogenesis is due to the involvement of multiple factors such as demographic, genetic, environmental and other health related factors like infections, allergy, asthma, eustachian tube dysfunction, cleft palate, and adenoid hypertrophy etc. [5][6][7] The presence of fluid in middle ear leads to long term morbidity with varying degrees of hearing loss in children and adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and associated risk factors of otitis media and its subtypes in South Indian population

Kumari

Madhavi

Krishna

et al. 2016

Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences

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Background: Otitis media is a common inflammatory disorder caused by the effusion of fluids or pathological changes in the tympanic membrane of middle ear that leads to hearing loss in all age groups which may be either temporary or permanent. Objective: The present study aimed to identify the risk factors responsible for the onset and progression of otitis media and its subtypes as well as its associated co-morbidities in the South Indian population. Subjects and methods: The study constituted 2602 subjects including children and adults affected with OM and the diagnosis was confirmed by ENT specialists using all the required otorhinolaryngological tests. The study was carried out by the institutional ethical clearance. The data were coded and evaluations were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, PASW STATISTICS 18.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: squamous-chronic suppurative otitis media was highly prevalent (47.3%) followed by mucosal-chronic suppurative otitis media (18.5%), acute suppurative otitis media (17.6%), and otitis media with effusion (16.6%). The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed significant association of tinnitus with squamous-chronic suppurative otitis media; bilaterality, tinnitus and vertigo with mucosal-chronic suppurative otitis media while bilaterality, adenoids, tinnitus and snoring with otitis media with effusion. Significant differences were observed in different forms of hearing loss at higher frequency within the subtypes of otitis media. Conclusions: The study has revealed that otitis media predominantly affects all age groups and has a serious health concern in cases affected with hearing loss and its associated co-morbidities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 40%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated risk factors of otitis media and its subtypes in South Indian population

Kumari

Madhavi

Krishna

et al. 2016

Egyptian Journal of Ear, Nose, Throat and Allied Sciences

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“…The odds of otitis media were almost fourfold higher among the vaccinated (OR 3.8, 95% CI: 2.1, 6.6) and the odds of myringotomy with tube placement were eight-fold higher than those of unvaccinated children (OR 8.0, 95% CI: 1.0, 66.1). Acute otitis media (AOM) is a very frequent childhood infection, accounting for up to 30 million physician visits each year in the U.S., and the most common reason for prescribing antibiotics for children [58,59]. The incidence of AOM peaks at ages 3 to 18 months and 80% of children have experienced at least one episode by 3 years of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot comparative study on the health of vaccinated and unvaccinated 6- to 12- year old U.S. children

Mawson¹,

Ray²,

Bhuiyan³

et al. 2017

J Transl Sci

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Vaccinations have prevented millions of infectious illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths among U.S. children, yet the long-term health outcomes of the vaccination schedule remain uncertain. Studies have been recommended by the U.S. Institute of Medicine to address this question. This study aimed 1) to compare vaccinated and unvaccinated children on a broad range of health outcomes, and 2) to determine whether an association found between vaccination and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), if any, remained significant after adjustment for other measured factors. A cross-sectional study of mothers of children educated at home was carried out in collaboration with homeschool organizations in four U.S. states: Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi and Oregon. Mothers were asked to complete an anonymous online questionnaire on their 6-to 12-year-old biological children with respect to pregnancy-related factors, birth history, vaccinations, physician-diagnosed illnesses, medications used, and health services. NDD, a derived diagnostic measure, was defined as having one or more of the following three closely-related diagnoses: a learning disability, Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder, and Autism Spectrum Disorder. A convenience sample of 666 children was obtained, of which 261 (39%) were unvaccinated. The vaccinated were less likely than the unvaccinated to have been diagnosed with chickenpox and pertussis, but more likely to have been diagnosed with pneumonia, otitis media, allergies and NDD. After adjustment, vaccination, male gender, and preterm birth remained significantly associated with NDD. However, in a final adjusted model with interaction, vaccination but not preterm birth remained associated with NDD, while the interaction of preterm birth and vaccination was associated with a 6.6-fold increased odds of NDD (95% CI: 2.8, 15.5). In conclusion, vaccinated homeschool children were found to have a higher rate of allergies and NDD than unvaccinated homeschool children. While vaccination remained significantly associated with NDD after controlling for other factors, preterm birth coupled with vaccination was associated with an apparent synergistic increase in the odds of NDD. Further research involving larger, independent samples and stronger research designs is needed to verify and understand these unexpected findings in order to optimize the impact of vaccines on children's health.

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“…Thirdly, spontaneous recovery of recurrent AOM with increasing age could have played a role [18]. It has been shown that as age increases a child becomes immunologically and anatomically more mature and more capable of handling an AOM infection [19]. Fourthly, evidence suggests that medical outcomes can improve substantially due to the trial participation itself, which is assumed to be related to expectation of future benefit, improved clinical follow-up and other aspects of management of the condition [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in children with recurrent acute otitis media: A therapeutic alternative?

Kempen

Vermeiren

Vaneechoutte

et al. 2006

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Risk factors for the development of otitis media

Cited by 31 publications

References 48 publications

Prevalence and associated risk factors of otitis media and its subtypes in South Indian population

Prevalence and associated risk factors of otitis media and its subtypes in South Indian population

Pilot comparative study on the health of vaccinated and unvaccinated 6- to 12- year old U.S. children

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in children with recurrent acute otitis media: A therapeutic alternative?

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