Risk factors, immunological mechanisms and biological markers of severe COVID-19 course (study overview)

Биличенко, Т. Н.

doi:10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-5-237-244

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is one of the main cell receptors, which binds to the S-protein of the SARSCoV-2 viral envelope. The S protein is activated by transmembrane serine protease 2 [7]. The main target of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is alveolocytes of the 1st and 2nd types, vascular endothelium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-Covid Syndrome: Involvement of the Respiratory Tract in COVID-19

Medoeva,

Bataev,

Bataeva

2023

BIO Web Conf.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection caused by a novel coronavirus. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of a new type of coronavirus COVID-19 a pandemic. The public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic is a comprehensive response to reduce morbidity and mortality, minimize disease transmission, protect healthcare workers, and keep the healthcare system running smoothly. The methodological recommendations are intended for practicing physicians, paramedical personnel, healthcare organizers. For radiologists, sections on semiotics, the COVID-19 diagnostic algorithm, and standards for describing studies of patients with suspected viral pneumonia are useful. Nursing staff will be interested in sections on the rules for using personal protective equipment and organizing work in the radiology department during a pandemic. For healthcare organizers, this manual includes links to current regulatory documents (standards), describes in detail the organization of the work of the radiology department in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, and provides a scheme for optimizing business processes in the radiology department to ensure personnel safety in the current epidemiological situation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in the level of IL-6 indicates a high risk of death. The consequence of ARDS is a hyperergic immune response [7]. One of the mechanisms of cell death in coronavirus infection is pyroptosis.…”

Section: Fig 2 Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Covid 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Covid Syndrome: Involvement of the Respiratory Tract in COVID-19

Medoeva,

Bataev,

Bataeva

2023

BIO Web Conf.

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“…COVID-19 обусловлен попаданием SARS-CoV-2 в клетку путем присоединения к рецепторам АПФ2 с помощью трансмембранного гликопротеина CD147 [6]. Клеточная трансмембранная сериновая протеаза типа 2 способствует связыванию вируса с АПФ2, активируя его S-протеин, необходимый для проникновения SARS-CoV-2 в клетку.…”

Section: патогенез и клиническая картина Covid-19 и пксunclassified

“…Хроническая почечная недостаточность увеличивает частоту неблагоприятного исхода в 3,7 раза (ОШ 3,69, 95% ДИ 3,09-4,39), ожирение с индексом массы тела 40 кг/м 2 и выше -в 1,9 раза (ОШ 1,92, 95% ДИ 1,72-2,13). Риск тяжелого течения этой инфекции также повышен при аутоиммунных заболеваниях, иммуносупрессивных состояниях, гематологических злокачественных новообразованиях [6].…”

Section: патогенез и клиническая картина Covid-19 и пксunclassified

“…1) иммунные нарушения в виде уменьшения общего количества В-, Т-и NK-клеток в крови пациентов с COVID-19, особенно при тяжелой форме течения инфекции, с сохранением функции CD4 + , CD8 + Т-клеток и NK-клеток и дисрегуляция Т-клеточных реакций, что может вызывать иммунопатологию с замедлением ликвидации воспалительных изменений в тканях органов [6]; 2) фиброзирование легочной ткани под действием вируса SARS-CoV-2 и в результате повышения активности трансформирующего фактора роста β (TGF-β) [14]; 3) воспаление и продукция цитокинов ИЛ-1, TNF, CD31 + в эндотелии и молекул адгезии (EpCAM + ) в альвеолах, их влияние на синтез и отложение гиалуроновой кислоты-2 (HAS-2) и деление фибробластов [15]; 4) апоптоз нейтрофилов и нетоз с образованием в дыхательных путях секрета, содержащего ДНК и гиалуроновую кислоту (линейный гликозаминогликан) [16]; 5) поражения альвеолоцитов II типа с нарушением синтеза и реутилизации легочного сурфактанта и его дефицитом, способствующим ателектазам (дистелектазам) альвеолярных структур [17]; 6) повреждение эндотелия сосудов легких с микротромбами и нарушением микроциркуляции [7]. Таким образом, коррекция этих патологических процессов посредством назначения противовоспалительной и антифиброзной терапии, улучшение микроциркуляции, уменьшение тромбообразования -все это может способствовать, в частности, восстановлению легочной ткани.…”

Section: обзоры / Review Articlesunclassified

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Postcovid syndrome: risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of patients with respiratory damage after COVID-19 (overview)

Bilichenko¹

2022

Russian Medical Inquiry

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In COVID-19 of moderate to severe degree, there are significant inflammatory changes in the lungs and other organs involved in the pathological process with corresponding symptoms and functional disorders lasting longer than 12 weeks. They are designated as postcovid syndrome (PCS) and require further treatment. The article presents the pathogenetic mechanism of PCS, in which organ damage has the systemic nature. Special attention is paid to the changes in the organs of the respiratory system (atelectasis in the alveoli within the lungs, remodeling of the bronchial epithelium, hyaluronan deposition in the lumen of alveoli, bronchi and perialveolar interstitial with the formation of connective tissue), which in the long term lead to fibrous changes, especially in patients with severe COVID-19 and concomitant respiratory diseases. This, in turn, makes oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass through the alveoli wall with difficulties, decreases exercise tolerance and life quality, and increases mortality in elderly patients. The article also outlines the main directions of pathogenetically conditioned therapy of patients with respiratory disorder in the outpatient settings, providing a decrease in rehabilitation period and improving the patients condition. KEYWORDS: postcovid syndrome, alveolar epithelium, atelectasis, comorbidity, rehabilitation. FOR CITATION: Bilichenko T.N. Postcovid syndrome: risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of patients with respiratory damage after COVID-19 (overview). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(7):367–375 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-7-367-375.

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Factors affecting the severity of COVID-19 and the development of complications

Kulova,

Bataev,

Avduev

2023

BIO Web Conf.

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COVID-19 is a new unexplored disease about which nothing has been known so far. And therefore, the consequences of COVID-19 came as a complete surprise to doctors. Their forces were directed to the treatment of the acute stage of the disease, and they did not even suspect that in many patients the health problems would not end along with the end of the acute phase, which proceeds with fever and other vivid symptoms of viral inflammation. Information that COVID-19 does not end with a decrease in temperature and the disappearance of characteristic symptoms first appeared on social networks. And I must say that the medical community did not immediately take seriously the complaints of those who seemed to have recovered, but continued to complain of weakness, shortness of breath, memory impairment, etc. Only a few months later, when there were so many complaining that it was no longer possible to ignore doctors acknowledged the existence of a problem. In order to get an objective picture of how patients who have had COVID-19 actually feel, a number of studies have been conducted. For example, in the state of Michigan (USA), 1250 patients who were discharged from the hospital where they were treated for a new coronavirus infection were called. The survey showed that 6.7% of patients died during the study period, 32.6% of patients reported persistent symptoms, including 18.9% new or worsening symptoms. The most commonly reported were shortness of breath when climbing stairs (22.9%), less commonly cough (15.4%) and permanent loss of taste and/or smell (13.1%). Similar data were obtained in studies conducted in Europe.

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Risk factors, immunological mechanisms and biological markers of severe COVID-19 course (study overview)

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Post-Covid Syndrome: Involvement of the Respiratory Tract in COVID-19

Post-Covid Syndrome: Involvement of the Respiratory Tract in COVID-19

Postcovid syndrome: risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of patients with respiratory damage after COVID-19 (overview)

Factors affecting the severity of COVID-19 and the development of complications

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