Risk factors of adolescent health: mass poll results

Abstract

<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective.</jats:bold> To study the risk factors of noncommunicable disease spread in adolescents based on the mass pole results.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods.</jats:bold> The authors conducted four waves of study within the framework of the monitoring project “Risk factors for human health” in 2014–2017. The study included a multistage stratified territorial random sample of 1,691 patients over 11 years. The research population included 170 adolescents (11–19 years) (10%).</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results.</jats:bold> An adverse profile of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases was predetermined by: overweight in adolescents (10%), increased blood pressure (18%), unfavorable history of cardiovascular events in close relatives (60–70%), nutritional disorders (80–96%) , low level of physical activity (5%), smoking (20%), and alcohol consumption (26% of respondents). The body weight deficiency (35%) and overweight (10%), along with sufficient consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits in only 7% of cases reflects gross malnutrition of adolescents, which determines their future development. Awareness of adolescents of the main risk factors for noncommunicable diseases remains low (less than 30–40% for different factors). The example of close relatives, friends and stressful situations predetermine the emergence of bad habits (consumption of alcohol and tobacco) in adolescents.</jats:p><jats:p>S<jats:bold>cope of application.</jats:bold> Pediatrics, public health, epidemiology.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion.</jats:bold> In order to correct adverse risk factors of noncommunicable diseases, it is necessary to attract a wide range of specialists, including intensive family and personal psychological consultations with adolescents. These measures will motivate adolescents to a healthy lifestyle and reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases in the population of the Russian Federation.</jats:p>