Risk Factors of Atopic Dermatitis Patients for Eczema Herpeticum

Peng, Wenming; Jenneck, Claudia; Bußmann, Caroline; Bogdanow, Manuela; Hart, Juana; Leung, Donald Y.M.; Bieber, Thomas; Eis‐Hübinger, A. M.; Novak, Natalija

doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700657

Cited by 78 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…114 Risk factors for ADEH within the atopic population are, higher total serum IgE levels, early age of onset of AD, location of eczema on the head and neck area, and higher sensitization against aeroallergens, especially the yeast Malessezia sympodialis. 115 As mentioned earlier, cathelicidin exhibits antiviral activity against HSV and vaccinia virus, and cathelicidin expression is inversely correlated with serum IgE levels in EH patients. 116 Skin from atopic patients with eczema herpeticum show reduced expression of cathelicidin, and cathelicidin deficient mice show higher levels of HSV-2 replication.…”

Section: Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Antimicrobial Peptides, Skin Infections, and Atopic Dermatitis

Hata

Gallo²

2008

Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery

106

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The innate immune system evolved over 2 billion years ago to first recognize pathogens then eradicate them. Several distinct defects in this ancient but rapidly responsive element of human immune defense account for the increased incidence of skin infections in atopics. These defects include abnormalities in the physical barrier of the epidermis, alterations in microbial pattern recognition receptors such as toll receptors and NOD, and a diminished capacity to increase the expression of antimicrobial peptides during inflammation. Several antimicrobial peptides are affected including; cathelicidin, HBD-2, and HBD-3, which are lower in lesional skin of atopics compared to other inflammatory skin diseases, and dermcidin, which is decreased in sweat. Other defects in the immune defense barrier of atopics include a relative deficiency in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. In the future, understanding the cause of these defects may allow therapeutic intervention to reduce the incidence of infection in atopic individuals and potentially decrease the severity of this disorder.

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Section: Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Antimicrobial Peptides, Skin Infections, and Atopic Dermatitis

Hata

Gallo²

2008

Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery

106

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“…Patients with AD also develop common viral infections more frequently than nonatopics (28,29). These include eczema herpeticum (herpes simplex type I virus), eczema vaccinatum (vaccine virus) and eczema molluscatum (molluscum contagiosum virus).…”

Section: High Prevalence Of Microbial Infections In Allergic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does allergy impair innate immunity? Leads and lessons from atopic dermatitis

Mrabet-Dahbi

Maurer

2010

Allergy

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To cite this article: Mrabet‐Dahbi S, Maurer M. Does allergy impair innate immunity? Leads and lessons from atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2010; 65: 1351–1356.AbstractHost defence responses against invading pathogens are well‐balanced, inflammatory processes of the innate and adaptive immune system. Impaired development or abnormal function of either system can result in failure to control pathogens and to clear infections. Infections have been claimed to modulate the onset and course of allergic diseases. This so‐called hygiene hypothesis is still an active area of research. In contrast, the effects of allergies on infections and pathogen‐directed immune responses are less well understood. Here, we have reviewed the existing evidence that allergies result in impaired innate immunity and we discuss recent observations that may explain why and how innate immunity is dysfunctional in allergic patients. With a focus on atopic dermatitis as a model of allergic disease, we speculate that one of the key features of allergic conditions, namely Th2 polarization, leads to several independent inhibitory effects on host defence and consequently to a higher risk of infections in allergic patients. A better understanding of impaired host defence and its mechanisms in allergic subjects will help to improve the management of these diseases.

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“…While herpesvirus infections early in life may help prevent AD, infections with herpes simplex and Coxsackie virus in patients with established AD can lead to eczema herpeticum and Coxsakium, respectively [136,137]. Moreover, some studies found that infections with respiratory syncytial virus may actually increase the risk of disease [73,[75][76][77][78].…”

Section: Hygiene Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk factors and their role in the management of atopic dermatitis

Kantor

Silverberg

2016

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology

278

225

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Introduction-The etiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multifactorial with interaction between genetics, immune and environmental factors.Areas covered-We review the role of prenatal exposures, irritants and pruritogens, pathogens, climate factors, including temperature, humidity, ultraviolet radiation, outdoor and indoor air pollutants, tobacco smoke exposure, water hardness, urban vs. rural living, diet, breastfeeding, probiotics and prebiotics on AD.Expert commentary-The increased global prevalence of AD cannot be attributed to genetics alone, suggesting that evolving environmental exposures may trigger and/or flare disease in predisposed individuals. There is a complex interplay between different environmental factors, including individual use of personal care products and exposure to climate, pollution, food and other exogenous factors. Understanding these complex risk factors is crucial to developing targeted interventions to prevent the disease in millions. Moreover, patients require counseling on optimal regimens for minimization of exposure to irritants and pruritogens and other harmful exposures.

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Risk Factors of Atopic Dermatitis Patients for Eczema Herpeticum

Cited by 78 publications

References 8 publications

Antimicrobial Peptides, Skin Infections, and Atopic Dermatitis

Antimicrobial Peptides, Skin Infections, and Atopic Dermatitis

Does allergy impair innate immunity? Leads and lessons from atopic dermatitis

Environmental risk factors and their role in the management of atopic dermatitis

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