Risk factors of the upper limb disorders among cashiers in grocery retail industries: A review

Prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among cashiers in small-scale businesses: a cross-sectional study in Ethiopia

“…Working in an awkward posture was another significant factor affecting the occurrence of WRMSDs in the current study. This finding is supported by existing literature 6 19 63. This could be because working in an awkward posture causes strain on muscles, tendons and ligaments, as well as raises disc pressure.…”

“…6 12 16-19 Personal characteristics of cashiers such as gender, age, educational level, monthly salary, body mass index (BMI) and substance use (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and khat chewing) have also been associated with the occurrence of WRMSDs. [17][18][19][20][21] The issue of occupational health needs to be addressed, especially for workers involved in small-scale businesses where the working environment is unfavourable to workers' health and safety. 21 22 The maintenance of a healthy working environment for the employee is considered necessary to prevent the occurrence of workplace injuries such as WRMSDs.…”

“…Cashiers perform a variety of activities during their workday to meet their needs. Occupational characteristics of cashiers that have been identified as risk factors for WRMSDs include a fast pace of work and repetitive movements, excessive work without breaks, heavy physical exertion (including lifting, pulling, pushing and manual material handling), exposure to cold, non-neutral postures and vibration 6 12 16–19. Personal characteristics of cashiers such as gender, age, educational level, monthly salary, body mass index (BMI) and substance use (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and khat chewing) have also been associated with the occurrence of WRMSDs 17–21…”