Risk factors of viral hepatitis: Yet to explore

Prevalence and Trends of Transfusion-Transmissible Viral Infections among Blood Donors in South of Iran: An Eleven-Year Retrospective Study

“…Therefore, regular donors should be encouraged to participate more in blood donation to further improve the safety of blood and reduce the risk of TTIs in the society. Moreover, in line with the previous studies [ 19 , 24 ], higher rates of the viral infections were found among low educated donors in the present study. Better knowledge of highly educated donors regarding TTIs, their routes of transmission and risk factors can explain this finding.…”

“…The results of the present study in accordance with those of other studies indicate that the prevalence of viral infections is higher among first-time donors compared to regular and repeated donors, while regular donors have the lowest frequency of these three pathogens [ 1 , 8 , 19 , 24 , 25 ]. The reason may be that the regular donors are well-informed individuals with low risk behaviors due to several time screening and selection in the process of donating blood [ 1 , 5 , 19 , 21 , 25 ].…”

“…The overall seroprevalence of 0.1% for HCV noted in our study is almost similar to the previous reports from Iran, 0.1% in 2003–2005 [ 18 ], 0.13% in 2004–2007 [ 8 ], 0.17% in 2009 [ 24 ], and 0.11% in 2005–2011 [ 19 ]. This prevalence is lower than those of the other countries such as Pakistan (3.01%-4.99%) [ 22 ], Ethiopia (0.7%) [ 25 ], China (0.86%) [ 21 ], Mongolia (8.7%) [ 26 ], Egypt (5%-25%) [ 36 ], Nepal (0.64%) [ 2 ], and Nigeria (1.8%) [ 6 ] but higher than those of Mangalore (0.08%) [ 1 ], Australia (0.01%) [ 28 ], and Italy (0.0016%) [ 29 ].…”

“…The results of this study demonstrate very low rates of viral infections in blood donations in Southern Iran. The seroprevalence rate of 0.15% for HBV observed in the present study is lower than those reported in previous studies from Iran, 3.4% in 1979 [ 23 ], 1.79% in 1998 [ 20 ], 0.6% in 2003–2005 [ 18 ], 0.56% in 2004–2007 [ 8 ], 0.41% in 2007 [ 20 ], 0.23% in 2009 [ 24 ], and 0.38% in 2005–2011 [ 19 ]. This is probably because of population differences regarding social behavior, lifestyle, socioeconomic status and level of awareness in different regions of our country.…”

24 year outcomes of hepatitis B vaccination in Hangzhou, China

“…One is likely to carry HBV for lifelong after the infection, which will lead to serious disease burden for family and the society. It is estimated that more than one-third of the world's population (or 2 billion people worldwide) has been infected by HBV, with more than 350 million as chronic carriers, 5 causing acute or chronic liver diseases, ranging from fulminant hepatitis to cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), [5][6][7][8] accounting for between 520,000 and 1.2 million deaths annually. 9 Chronic HBV infection is the most prevalent cause of this tumor, accounting for 55% of global cases, and 89% of those in endemic regions for HBV infection.…”