Background:In the setting of second-generation cryoballoon (CB2) ablation, left atrial (LA) access is generally achieved using a standard sheath (SS) that is exchanged for the 15Fr cryoballoon delivery sheath (CBS) and dilator over a long wire (CBS over-the-wire technique, CBS-W). Our objective was to evaluate the direct use of the CBS to gain LA access, by advancing the latter over the trans-septal needle (CBS over-the-needle technique, CBS-N), under transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) guidance. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent CB2 ablation with the CBS-N technique were evaluated for feasibility of gaining LA access using TEE guidance and fluoroscopy views. Complications related to the LA access were compared with a matched CBS-W control group. Subanalysis (30 CBS-W vs 30 CBS-N patients) evaluated time-to-LA of the CBS: time from superior vena cava (with SS vs CBS) to LA insertion of the CBS, after exchange or directly, respectively.Results: LA access could be achieved in all 505 patients of the CBS-N group, without technique modification or additional equipment. Challenging interatrial septa were noted in 13% of these patients: previous atrial septal defect repair (1%), hypermobile (10%), aneurysmal (1%), and abnormally thickened/fibrotic (1%). Incidence of complications was similar to the CBS-W group. Subanalysis showed a shorter time-to-LA in the CBS-N versus CBS-W group, 72 ± 46 seconds versus 293 ± 180 seconds, P < .001.
Conclusions:Our study showed that the CBS-N technique is feasible and safe under echocardiographic guidance. Without sheath exchange, it simplifies the CB2 procedure, is less costly, time sparing, and might reduce the risk of air embolism. K E Y W O R D S atrial fibrillation ablation, FlexCath sheath, second-generation cryoballoon, trans-septal access 1 INTRODUCTION Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is currently an established treatment for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). 1 In recent years, cryoballoon (CB) ablation has emerged as a valid alternative to traditional point-bypoint radiofrequency (RF) ablation, rendering the PV isolation proce-dure highly standardized and reproducible. 2,3 In the setting of secondgeneration cryoballoon (CB-A, Arctic Front Advance TM , Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) ablation, left atrial (LA) access is generally achieved using a standard trans-septal (TS) sheath that is then exchanged for the 15-Fr cryoballoon delivery sheath (CBS) (FlexCath Advance TM , Medtronic Inc.) and its dilator over a long stiff wire (CBS 868