Risk of death following SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination in young people in England: a self-controlled case series study

Abstract

Objectives: To assess whether there is a change in the incidence of cardiac and all-cause death in young people following COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated individuals. Design: Self-controlled case series. Setting: National, linked electronic health record data in England. Study population: Individuals aged 12-29 who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination and died between 8 December 2020 and 2 February 2022 and registered by 16 February 2022 within 12 weeks of COVID-19 vaccination; Individuals aged 12-29 who died within 12 weeks of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. Main outcome measures: Cardiac and all-cause deaths occurring within 12 weeks of vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: Compared to the baseline period, there was no evidence of a change in the incidence of cardiac death in the six weeks after vaccination, whether for each of weeks 1 to 6 or the whole six-week period. There was a decrease in the risk of all-cause death in the first week after vaccination and no change in each of weeks 2 to 6 after vaccination or whole six-week period after vaccination. Subgroup analyses by sex, age, vaccine type, and last dose also showed no change in the risk of death in the first six weeks after vaccination. There was a large increase in the incidence of cardiac and all-cause death in the overall risk period after SARS-CoV-2 infection among the unvaccinated. Conclusion: There is no evidence of an association between COVID-19 vaccination and an increased risk of death in young people. By contrast, SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with substantially higher risk of cardiac related death and all-cause death.

Effect of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality by COVID-19 and on mortality by other causes, the Netherlands, January 2021- January 2022

“…A Hungarian study also found a decreased risk of (all-cause) mortality after vaccination (Pálinkás, A., & Sándor, J., 2022). Two other studies, from the United Kingdom and the United States, did not find evidence for an increased risk of mortality after vaccination (Xu et al, 2021;Nafilyan et al, 2022). This is consistent with our results, where, on a population level, we found no indication of an increased mortality risk following vaccination.…”

Side Effects of Covid Vaccines and the Contribution of Graphene

“…Table 1. The ratios of death from the diseases of the circulatory system [11]. The excess mortality in the age group 0-14 started to increase significantly after the second half of 2021 and the graph in Figure 1.…”

COVID-19 Vaccination in Young People with Functional Neurological Disorder: A Case-Control Study

“…We have communicated that from our medical standpoint the risks of not being vaccinated outweigh the risks of vaccination. An unvaccinated young person has an increased risk of experiencing a more severe illness and of developing long COVID, with gaps in knowledge about long-term outcome [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. We have also pointed the family to available information resources [25].…”