Risk of Development of Hypertension After Donor Nephrectomy

Abstract

Objective: To assess live donor nephrectomy for development of hypertension.
 Study Design: Retrospective observational study.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Urology (AFIU) Rawalpindi, from May 2016 to May 2020.
 Methodology: All consenting kidney donors for live renal transplant were introduced with the process. Baseline blood pressure at time of workup of donation and annually afterwards after transplant on follow up examinations using retrospective data analysis of donor’s workup and follow up was used. Comparison of 1,2,3 and 4-year occurrence of hypertension among (normotensive) donors with 1,2,3 and 4-year of donation using estimates from Framingham Hypertension Risk Score.
 Results: A total of 79 donors with a completed annual follow-up rate of up to100 % during a 4-year period. The average age at donation was 33.96 ± 10.23 SD years; 50 donors (63.4%) were women. Overall 27% (22 out of 79) of all live donors developed post donation hypertension who were normotensive at the time of donation. Almost 2/3rd of the patients developing hypertension were females. There was a significant increase in blood pressure measurements each year after donation. Increased BMI of the patient was a risk factor for post donation development of hypertension. The donors who continue being normotensive 1-year post donation yielded an analogous risk to that fit Framingham populace.
 Conclusion: Live organ kidney givers are at augmented risk of development of hypertension post kidney donation. The study ascertains the potential significance of following donors and handling risk factors aggressively................