Risk of dying from cancer by socio-demographic indicators in the Slovak Republic

Abstract

SUMMARYAim: Cancer mortality distribution was investigated by detailed neoplasms groups, age, sex, marital status of deceased, and regions in the Slovak Republic, and examined how these determinants influence the odds of dying due to cancer.Methods: A retrospective analysis of cancer mortality statistics registered in the Slovak Republic during the years 1996-2014. For this time period, data was available only on the underlying subgroups of cancer deaths, place of death, age, year, sex, and marital status. Binary logistic regression was applied for odds of dying calculation influenced by these socio-demographic factors.Results: The most common are deaths from malignant neoplasms of digestive organs in males as well as females. The biggest difference among both genders is recognized in malignant neoplasms of lip, oral cavity and pharynx, where deaths among males are on average 7.9 times higher in comparison to females. As for place of death the Bratislava region reports the highest level of cancer mortality stated at 25.22% of all deaths, on the contrary the Banská Bystrica region reports only 21.40% of all deaths. Age has a negative influence on odds of dying due to neoplasms compared to all other causes of death by 1.7%. In all regions compared to the reference Bratislava region, the odds of dying from neoplasms are lower. Being female diminishes the odds of dying due to neoplasms by 25.7% compared to males. Yearly the relative ratio of dying from neoplasms increases with respect to all other causes of death. When single people are set as the reference category, the relation of the probability of death from cancer to the probability of death due to other causes of death is higher for married, divorced and widowed persons.Conclusions: The results should be taken into account when comparing risk of dying due to cancer among people with the mentioned sociodemographic characteristics. Health policy makers should consider place of death and cancer types while planning hospital care units.

Impact of Gender Inequalities in the Causes of Mortality on the Competitiveness of OECD Countries

“…In the case of quantified significant difference, more positive results were found mainly in the female population. These results are consistent with many other findings [29,30,32,[34][35][36][37]69]. In the male population, more positive values were found only in the case of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (MSCL).…”

Gender health inequalities and economic productivity in OECD countries

“…The hectic lifestyles of men, their poor nutrition, overweight, physical inactivity or stress lead to an increased risk of cancer and other critical diseases. Simultaneously, other studies also observed excessive mortality in men (Barnes et al, 2016;Haeberer et al, 2015;Kubak et al, 2017;Ross et al, 2012;Singh-Manoux et al, 2008).…”

“…Ross et al (2012) agreed that male mortality is higher than female mortality, and suggested that education may be a factor that lead to close the gender gap in mortality. Gender inequalities in mortality were evidenced not only in the case of all-cause mortality, but also in the case of specific categories of mortality such as cancer (Ellison, 2016;Fernandez et al, 2000;Kubak et al, 2017), asthma, ACOS (asthma-COPD overlap syndrome) and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) mortality (Barnes et al, 2016). In all cases, the results were more positive for women.…”