Risk of gastric cancer among long-term proton pump inhibitor users: a population-based cohort study

Kim, Jong Wook; Jung, Hye-Kyung; Lee, Bora; Shin, Cheol Min; Gong, Eun Jeong; Hong, Jitaek; Youn, Young Hoon; Lee, Kwang Jae

doi:10.1007/s00228-023-03580-7

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…While some studies have suggested potential links between long-term PPI use and certain types of cancer, the evidence is not conclusive, and more research is needed to establish a clear connection [13]. Specifically, some studies have explored the potential association between PPI use and an increased risk of gastric cancer, as well as concerns about the development of adenocarcinoma in the esophagus [14][15][16]. However, the findings have been mixed, and it is challenging to establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Intake of Proton-Pump Inhibitors Could Be Associated with an Increased Incidence of Liver Cancer in Women

Loosen,

Jördens,

Leyh

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed drugs in gastroenterology. Although PPIs are mostly well tolerated, long-term PPI intake has been linked with diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis and infectious disease. In the present study, we evaluated a potential association between PPI intake and a subsequent diagnosis of liver cancer in a large real-world cohort of outpatients in Germany. Methods: A total of 1766 patients with liver cancer, as well as 8830 propensity-score-matched controls, were identified from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). The outcome of the study was the association between PPI use and a subsequent diagnosis of liver cancer, which was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: Overall, 42.9% of the liver cancer patients and 39.0% of the controls received at least one PPI prescription before the index date. PPI prescriptions at any time before the index date were associated with an increased risk of subsequent liver cancer (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.06–1.31). The positive association was observed in all age groups, as well as in women and men, but only in women (OR: 1.30; 95% 1.09–1.55) did it reach the predefined level of significance (p < 0.01). When considering the duration of PPI therapy, only PPI therapy for at least two years was significantly associated with an increased risk of liver cancer (OR: 1.28; 95% 1.09–1.50). In an analysis stratified by age and sex, this association was strongest in the age group < 60 years (OR: 1.99; 95% 1.21–3.26). Conclusions: Our data suggest that long-term PPI intake in women as well as in patients < 60 years might be associated with an increased risk of liver cancer. These findings support current efforts to reduce the inappropriate use of PPIs in routine clinical practice and to link PPI prescribing to a clear medical indication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Intake of Proton-Pump Inhibitors Could Be Associated with an Increased Incidence of Liver Cancer in Women

Loosen,

Jördens,

Leyh

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the efficacy of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients

Tanegashima,

Shiota,

Tsukahara

et al. 2024

The Prostate

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BackgroundProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used due to their affordability and minimal severe side effects. However, their influence on the efficacy of cancer treatments, particularly androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs), remains unclear. This study investigates the impact of PPI usage on the treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).MethodsA total of 117 mCRPC patients were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups based on the concomitant use of PPI at the initiation of ARSI treatment: PPI+ (n = 38) and PPI− (n = 79). Patient characteristics, including age at ARSI treatment administered, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) value at ARSI treatment administered, International Society of Urological Pathology grade group at prostate biopsy, metastatic site at ARSI treatment administered, prior docetaxel (DTX) treatment, and type of ARSI (abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide) were recorded. Progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and PSA response rates were compared between the two groups. Patients were further stratified by clinical background to compare PFS and OS between the two groups.ResultsThe PPI− group exhibited significantly extended PFS and a trend toward improved OS. For PSA response (reduction of 50% or more from baseline), the rates were 62.3% and 45.9% in the PPI− group and the PPI+ group, respectively. For deep PSA response (reductions of 90% or more from baseline), the rates were 36.4% and 24.3% in the PPI− group and the PPI+ group, respectively. The effects were consistent across subgroups divided by prior DTX treatment and type of ARSI administered.ConclusionsThe administration of PPIs appears to diminish the therapeutic efficacy of ARSIs in mCRPC patients. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the biological mechanisms involved.

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Comment on “Risk of gastric cancer among long‑term proton pump inhibitor users: a population‑based cohort study”

Lai,

Hwang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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Risk of gastric cancer among long-term proton pump inhibitor users: a population-based cohort study

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Long-Term Intake of Proton-Pump Inhibitors Could Be Associated with an Increased Incidence of Liver Cancer in Women

Long-Term Intake of Proton-Pump Inhibitors Could Be Associated with an Increased Incidence of Liver Cancer in Women

Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the efficacy of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients

Comment on “Risk of gastric cancer among long‑term proton pump inhibitor users: a population‑based cohort study”

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