Risk of gynaecomastia associated with cimetidine, omeprazole, and other antiulcer drugs

Rodrı́guez, Luis A. Garcı́a; Jick, Hershel

doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6927.503

Cited by 79 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Gynecomastia has also been associated with digitalis and spironolactone (14), which interfere with the production of testosterone and its conversion to the potent metabolite, 5-alfa-dihydrotestosterone (4,10). Cimetidine is also a precursor of gynecomastia (15). Fibroadenomas in men without hormone treatment and with normal hormone levels are extremely rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroadenoma in the male breast: Truth or Myth?

Agarwal¹,

Kohli²

2016

UCD

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Truth or myth is seldom encountered in the practice of surgery, especially in cases of breast diseases. Yet, even after thousands of years of treating breast disease by surgeons/healers, fibroadenoma in the male breast seems to be a myth, due to the absence of fibro-glandular tissue. We wish to break this myth by our own experience as well as other studies by others all over the world, and unveil the truth that fibroadenoma in the male breast is a definitive entity and has a prevalence among the vast spectrum of breast diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibroadenoma in the male breast: Truth or Myth?

Agarwal¹,

Kohli²

2016

UCD

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“…Hence, we investigated the mRNA levels of representative genes which, especially in the first few hours after hepatectomy (“priming phase”), are of particular importance [2,21]. Additionally, a connection to the previously proven effects of argon on these genes should exist [8,13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental studies have been able to identify a set of substances and signals which are indispensable for liver regeneration (LR) [2,3]. These include various transcription factors, cytokines, growth factors, and intracellular signaling events which, in a complex, well-orchestrated interaction, are capable of initiating, advancing, and ending this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Argon Delays Initiation of Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy in Rats

et al. 2017

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Background: The liver can heal up to restitutio ad integrum following damage resulting from various causes. Different studies have demonstrated the protective effect of argon on various cells and organs. To the best of our knowledge, the organ-protective effects of the noble gas argon on the liver have not yet been investigated, although argon appears to influence signal paths that are well-known mediators of liver regeneration. We hypothesized that argon inhalation prior to partial hepatectomy (70%) has a positive effect on the initiation of liver regeneration in rats. Methods: Partial hepatectomy (70%) with or without inhaled argon (50 vol%) was performed for 1 h. Liver tissue was harvested after 3, 36, and 96 h to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Histological tissue samples were prepared for immunohistochemistry (bromodeoxyuridine [BrdU], Ki-67, and TUNEL) and blood was analyzed regarding the effects of argon on liver function. Statistical analyses were performed using 1-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Tukey-Kramer test. Results: After 3 h, the primary outcome parameter of hepatocyte proliferation was significantly reduced with argon 50 vol% inhalation in comparison to nitrogen inhalation (BrdU: 15.7 ± 9.7 vs. 7.7 ± 3.1 positive cells/1,000 hepatocytes, p = 0.013; Ki-67: 17.6 ± 13.3 vs. 4.7 ± 5.4 positive cells/1,000 hepatocytes, p = 0.006). This was most likely mediated by significant downregulation of HGF (after 3 h: 5.2 ± 3.2 vs. 2.3 ± 1.0 fold, p = 0.032; after 96 h: 2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 fold, p = 0.029) and IL-6 (after 3 h: 43.7 ± 39.6 vs. 8.5 ± 9.2 fold, p = 0.032). Nevertheless, we could detect no significant effect on the weight of the residual liver, liver-body weight ratio, or liver blood test results after argon inhalation. Conclusion: Impairment of liver regeneration was apparent after argon 50 vol% inhalation that was most probably mediated by downregulation of HGF and IL-6 in the initial phase. However, the present study was not adequately powered to prove that argon has detrimental effects on the liver. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of argon on livers with preexisting conditions as well as on ischemia-reperfusion models.

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“…The stage is catalyzed by cyclooxygenase (COX) within which isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2 occur [11]. The variations in the adverse effects of NSAIDs at their anti-inflammatory doses are due to the individual NSAIDs exhibiting dissimilar potencies against COX-1 in comparison to COX-2 [12]. Most of NSAIDs exhibit more selectivity for COX-1 than for COX-2, and this forms the basis for their gastro-toxicity and their anti-thrombotic action [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipyretic Potential of Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Harrisonia Abyssinica Oliv and Landolphia Buchananii (Hallier F.) Stapf in Wistar Rats

PM¹,

JK²,

Vz³

et al. 2016

J App Pharm

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Interest in herbal drugs is undergoing a renaissance at present time. Herbal agents are regarded to be more effective and comparatively safe as opposed to conventional medications which are relatively inaccessible and arguably associated with various adverse effects. Harrisonia abyssinica and Landolphia buchananii have been used by the Ameru and Embu communities to alleviate various ailments. However, despite their wide folklore use, extensive literature research reveals limited scientific evaluation of their described effects. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the antipyretic effects of their methanolic extracts. The plant samples were sourced from Mbeere, Embu County, Kenya. The test subjects (experimental rats) were grouped into four; normal group, a negative control group, reference group and experimental groups. The experimental groups were treated with stem bark extracts at concentration of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg. The determination of antipyretic activities was evaluated by using a 20% turpentine solution as the pyrexia inducing agent and then compared with aspirin as the reference drug. H. abyssinica extract reduced the rectal temperature by between 0.90% and 1.73% while L. buchananii extract reduced it by between 0.32% and 2.52%. Aspirin reduced the elevated rectal temperature by 1.70% and 2.32%. Qualitative phytochemical screening results showed that the extracts possessed several phytochemicals. The results of the study have confirmed the folklore use of the aforementioned plants in the suppression of pyrexia.

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Risk of gynaecomastia associated with cimetidine, omeprazole, and other antiulcer drugs

Cited by 79 publications

References 16 publications

Fibroadenoma in the male breast: Truth or Myth?

Fibroadenoma in the male breast: Truth or Myth?

Argon Delays Initiation of Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy in Rats

Antipyretic Potential of Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Harrisonia Abyssinica Oliv and Landolphia Buchananii (Hallier F.) Stapf in Wistar Rats

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