Risk of HIV or second syphilis infection in Danish men with newly acquired syphilis in the period 2000–2010

Salado-Rasmussen, Kirsten; Katzenstein, Terese L.; Gerstoft, Jan; Cowan, Susan; Knudsen, Troels Bygum; Mathiesen, Lars; Hoffmann, Steen; Obel, Niels

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2012-050580

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The same applies to the study of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 15 and Taylor et al 32 Some researchers suggest the immediate initiation of ART in seropositive MSM with syphilis coinfection and high VL, in order to reduce the chances of HIV transmission. 33 Genotypic testing of samples from the five patients receiving ART and who experienced increased VL after syphilis treatment in this study revealed development of viral mutations that conferred resistance to antiretroviral drugs. Those five patients who developed resistance were compliant to the treatment and they never had identifiable VL previous to syphilis infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early syphilis affects markers of HIV infection

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to investigate if early syphilis infection affects markers of HIV infection; CD4 T cells and viral load (VL). A retrospective study was performed on 160 HIV-positive patients (111 receiving antiretroviral therapy [ART] and 49 without ART). Early syphilis diagnosis was made in HIV patients during their follow-up at the HIV/AIDS Unit at a Greek Dermatology and Venereology Unit. The patients' blood tests were available at the time of diagnosis, as well as before and 12 weeks after early syphilis diagnosis. CD4 T cell counts and VL levels were measured. It was found that syphilis infection had a negative impact on the CD4 T cell counts in both groups, with reduced CD4 T cell counts observed in 84.6% (99/111) and 79.5% (39/49) of patients receiving and not receiving ART, respectively. After treatment for syphilis, CD4 T cell counts returned to pre-treatment levels in most patients, especially those receiving ART. There was a slight and transient VL increase. Patients receiving ART had a 27% increase in VL, compared to 71.4% among patients not receiving ART. Although the VL increase was slight (41-14,000 copies/ml) in the group under treatment, 4-5% (5/111) patients did not return to pre-treatment levels. Moreover, viral mutations associated with treatment resistance were identified in these patients. Early syphilis accelerates and complicates the progression of HIV infection. Early diagnosis and treatment of syphilis may prevent infection-associated complications in most instances. Consequently, prevention of syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections is of great importance for patients infected with HIV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early syphilis affects markers of HIV infection

et al. 2016

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“…Data analyzed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) showed that 20% of syphilis cases among MSM were due to reinfections in Baltimore, USA, between 2010 and 2011 3 . A study conducted in Denmark has shown that 14.8% of the population with syphilis had more than one episode during a five-year period 19 . Similarly, in San Francisco, USA, between 2001 and 2002, 6.7% of the individuals already diagnosed with syphilis presented a new primary infection within one year 17 , and a review describing cases of syphilis in California, USA, between 2002 and 2006, reported a reinfection rate of 5.9% in MSM 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with reinfection of syphilis in reference centers for sexually transmitted infections

2017

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OBJECTIVEWe aim to analyze trend of syphilis and factors associated with recurrent episodes of syphilis among adults and adolescents attended in a STI/AIDS reference centers in Campinas, state of São Paulo, 2004 to 2012.METHODSMedical records, pharmacy data, and notification database were accessed to analyze trends of syphilis and sociodemographic, epidemiological and clinical variables associated with reinfection of syphilis. After univariate analysis, a hierarchical logistic regression model was adjusted to analyze variables associated with more than one episode of syphilis (dependent variable). First step (sex, age, and years of schooling) were tested and in the second, epidemiological and clinical variables.RESULTSA total of 1,009 episodes of syphilis were identified among 860 adolescents and adults, 117 individuals (13.6%) presented with more than one episode of syphilis. Factors associated with more than one episode of syphilis were sex (male) (OR = 4.28; 95%CI 1.31–14.0), age (OR = 1.02; 95%CI 1.00–1.04), homosexual/bisexual orientation (OR = 2.29; 95%CI 1.22–4.32), HIV coinfection (OR = 3.54; 95%CI 2.22–5.63), and absence of STI symptoms at the time of syphilis diagnostic (OR = 1.70; 95%CI 1.03–2.80).CONCLUSIONSThe number of cases of syphilis and proportion in relation to STI increased in recent years in a specific population attended in a STI/AIDS reference centers in Campinas. Association with HIV, homosexual/bisexual orientation and the silent clinical characteristic of cases confirm the necessity to implement more aggressive strategies to prevent the occurrence of syphilis and other STI in specific populations with higher disease risk.

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“…In addition, studies have identified several risk factors associated with an increased risk of BPH, including cardiovascular risk factors, a prior history of STDs (especially gonorrhoea), metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammation and sedentary activity [10,15,13,29,30]. HIV-infected men are at a higher risk of contracting STDs, which could be expected to translate into an increased risk of BPH [17,19,31]. Furthermore, HIV-infected individuals might be subject to chronic inflammation and accelerated ageing despite full viral suppression, and therefore at a higher risk of age-related diseases such as BPH [4,18,32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Chronic inflammation (both systemic and local) [10][11][12], traditional cardiovascular risk factors [13,14] and prior sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) [15,16] have been found to be associated with BPH. Given the evidence that STDs and chronic inflammation are more prevalent in HIV-infected individuals [17][18][19], this population might also be subject to an increased risk of BPH. To our knowledge, no studies have previously estimated the risk of BPH in HIVinfected males compared with the background population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%