Risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission through breastfeeding

Dunn, D; Newell, Marie Louise; Ades, AE; Peckham, C.H.

doi:10.1016/0020-7292(93)90174-u

Cited by 72 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Research conducted in the United States, France and Thailand and more recently in South Africa and Uganda showed that administration of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in pregnancy, labour and postpartum period can result in significant reduction in the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV (Dunn et al, 1992;Coutsoudis et al, 1999;Guay et al, 1999). The results also showed that there were significant differences in transmission reduction depending on whether or not the mother breastfed her baby.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV at Maiduguri, Nigeria

Chama

Audu

Kyari

2004

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted vertically through the placenta in utero, during labour and delivery and through breast milk. In Nigeria, about 5.8% of women attending antenatal clinics were HIV infected as of December 2002. It was projected that by the end of the year 2002, there were about 849,000 orphans resulting from AIDS and about 755,000 established paediatric AIDS in this country. Interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV include voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), administration of antiretroviral drugs (ARV), modification of obstetric practices and infant feeding options in HIV infection. Over the period July 2002-June 2003, 262 pregnant women received VCT at the antenatal clinic of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, and 207 (79%) agreed to be tested. Thirty-one (11.8%) were HIV positive. The majority of the HIV positive mothers received nevirapine in labour while 35% had combination ARV drugs in pregnancy. All the infants received nevirapine suspension within 72 hours of delivery. Expensive and slow testing facilities, insufficient and inconsistent counsellors, lack of ARV drugs for both mother and baby as well as unaffordable caesarean delivery were some of the constraints being faced at this centre. It is recommended that the governments at various levels should show more commitment to the programme of preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV at Maiduguri, Nigeria

Chama

Audu

Kyari

2004

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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“…Initial approaches simply compared the total amount of mother-to-child HIV transmission observed in populations where breastfeeding was the norm (sub-Saharan African populations) with that observed in populations where breastfeeding was rare (US and European populations). A meta-analysis taking this approach reported a risk of acquiring HIV via breastfeeding of 14% (95% confidence interval, 7-21%) as early as 1992 [5]. Despite the methodological limitations of this approach, a randomized trial in Nairobi confirmed this rate of transmission [6].…”

Section: Quantifying the Magnitude Of Breastfeeding-associated Hiv Inmentioning

confidence: 73%

Infant Feeding Policies and HIV

Kuhn

2015

Health of HIV Infected People

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“…Third, drug-abusing mothers had a high prevalence of HIV or hepatitis B infection, known to be potentially vertically transmitted, thus putting their ospring at high risk of infection. At the time of the study, the risk of HIV vertical transmission of 15% and additional risk with breast feeding of 12% to 14% [2,6,7] was correctly recognised by hospital sta and children of HIV positive mothers were all fed with formula. Children born to hepatitis B-infected mothers were vaccinated at birth and vaccination follow-up was adequate at 6 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%