Risk of<i>Clostridium difficile</i>Infection after Perioperative Antibacterial Prophylaxis before and during an Outbreak of Infection due to a Hypervirulent Strain

Carignan, Alex; Allard, Catherine; Pépin, Jacques; Cossette, Benoȋt; Nault, Vincent; Valiquette, Louis

doi:10.1086/588291

Cited by 151 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The emergence of a hypervirulent, fluoroquinolone-resistant C difficile strain corresponded with a rise in the incidence of C difficile colitis between 2003 and 2005 [7]. C difficile colitis is associated with increased mortality, hospitalization cost, and prolonged length of hospital stay [10,31,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varying rates of C difficile colitis have been reported in the orthopaedic population, ranging from 0.17% after primary THA and TKA [15] to 7.1% in open reduction and internal fixation of intertrochanteric femoral fractures [28]. Intestinal colonization with C difficile, a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium, can range from asymptomatic carriage in 6.6% to 21% of patients [21] to pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon in 3% to 8% of patients [14,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clostridium difficile Colitis in Patients Undergoing Lower-extremity Arthroplasty: Rare Infection With Major Impact

Maltenfort

Morrison

Parvızı

2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background The prevalence of Clostridium difficile colitis is reportedly increasing in surgical patients and can negatively impact their outcome. However, as yet there are no clear estimates of the C difficile infection colitis rate and its consequences among patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Questions/purposes We asked: (1) What is the rate of C difficile colitis in TJA patients? (2) What are the risk factors of C difficile colitis in these patients? And (3) what is the effect of C difficile colitis on length of stay, in-hospital mortality, and estimated total charges? Methods Using ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes, we queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database for patients undergoing TJA for the years 2002 to 2010. Demographic data, comorbidities, occurrence of C difficile colitis, length of hospital stay, mortality, and hospital charges were extracted. Logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of C difficile colitis and its impact on in-hospital mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile Colitis in Patients Undergoing Lower-extremity Arthroplasty: Rare Infection With Major Impact

Maltenfort

Morrison

Parvızı

2013

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…The contribution of antibiotics, particularly certain classes (cephalosporins, co-amoxiclav, clindamycin and quinolones), which we have termed 'C. diffogenic' agents (CDAs), to the current epidemic of CDI has been recognised from a variety of studies [13][14][15][16][17][18]. This information and evidence linking the high-level impact of antibiotic restriction combined with strict infection control measures in controlling hospital CDI outbreaks [19][20][21][22][23] supported the development and implementation of national guidance on restriction of CDA antibiotics.…”

Section: Infection Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group (SAPG): development and impact of the Scottish National Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme

Nathwani

Sneddon²,

Malcolm

et al. 2011

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…Surgical site infections [SSI] are the leading cause of hospitalacquired infections [1] and are associated with excess hospital costs [2].SSI can lead to economic loss and injury to patients due to several factors including the need for prolonged use of antimicrobial drugs and secondary surgery among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Two or More Antibiotics Regimen Versus One or No Antibiotic Regimen in Post-Operative Surgery

Mihirkumar¹,

Ashley²,

Nawaz³

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Surgical site infections [SSI] are the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether surgical site infections can be reduced with twoormoreantibioticsregimenversusoneornoantibioticregimeninpost-operativesurgery. Methods:The patients were grouped into 2 groups. Group A (two or more antibiotics regimen) and Group B (one or no antibiotic regimen). Then the patients were followed on 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week respectively after surgery to check for any surgical site infection by direct interviewing the patients. Results:The overall surgical site infection rate was 48.3% (58 out of 120 patients).However, this study was more dominated by female patientsthere were 63% female patients compared to 37% male patients enrolled in this study. Also, the post-operative surgical site infection was comparatively observed more in female patients than in male. General surgery department too had many gynaecology related patients followed by Orthopaedic and Endocrinology surgeries. Results revealed that the patients in Group A (Two or more antibiotics) had significantly lower number of surgical site infections when compared with Group B (One or no antibiotics) with p<0.001. Conclusion:Our study concludes that patients receiving two or more antibiotics had significantly less number of post-operative surgical site infections when compared to patients receiving one or no antibiotics and following two or more antibiotics can reduce the excess hospital cost.

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Risk ofClostridium difficileInfection after Perioperative Antibacterial Prophylaxis before and during an Outbreak of Infection due to a Hypervirulent Strain

Cited by 151 publications

References 34 publications

Clostridium difficile Colitis in Patients Undergoing Lower-extremity Arthroplasty: Rare Infection With Major Impact

Clostridium difficile Colitis in Patients Undergoing Lower-extremity Arthroplasty: Rare Infection With Major Impact

Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group (SAPG): development and impact of the Scottish National Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme

Assessment of Two or More Antibiotics Regimen Versus One or No Antibiotic Regimen in Post-Operative Surgery

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