Risk of iatrogenic HIV infection through transfusion of homologous blood tested by rapid visually read assays in a Zambian hospital

Consten, Esther C. J.; Vondermeer, J; DeWolf, F.; Heij, H.A.; Henny, C. P.; Vonlanschot, J

doi:10.1016/0300-2977(95)96962-h

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Since HIV infection leads to lethal disease, it is important to achieve maximal test sensitivity to exclude all HIV‐positive blood units in the blood bank. We found that the sensitivity of non‐expired rapid antibody assays used under local circumstances is poor, and further reduced in the case of test expiration, as reported by Consten et al . (1997) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…(1997) . Apart from test expiration, other factors surely influence the quality of the rapid antibody assays, especially storage conditions ( Consten et al . 1997 ) and the technical performance level of laboratory staff ( Lackritz et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the rapid antibody assays used for screening of donors were prospectively analysed from June 1993 until March 1994 as described by Consten et al . (1997) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are there simple measures to reduce the risk of HIV infection through blood transfusion in a Zambian district hospital?

Hoogstraten

Consten

Henny

et al. 2000

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summary objective To quantify the potential impact of simple measures to reduce the risk of iatrogenic HIV infection through blood transfusion in a Zambian district hospital. methods Three studies were conducted at St. Francis' Hospital, Katete, Zambia: (1) From 1991 to 1995 HIV seroprevalence among all listed blood donors and the impact of proper subgroup selection were studied retrospectively; (2) the sensitivity of locally used rapid antibody assays (HIV‐spot/Wellcozyme HIV 1 & 2) for the detection of HIV in donor blood and the influence of the expiration date of the tests on this sensitivity were determined prospectively from June 1993 until March 1994 by screening all consecutive surgical patients and blood donors; (3) the number of unnecessary blood transfusions was determined retrospectively from January 1995 through January 1996 and prospectively from February 1996 through March 1996, and possibilities to reduce the total number of blood transfusions were considered. results (1) Excluding prisoners, who have an HIV seroprevalence of 19–25%, from the donor population significantly reduces the overall HIV seroprevalence from 13–16% to 8–9% (P < 0.01). (2) Under local circumstances the sensitivity of the used rapid antibody assays was 6.8–17.9% lower than claimed by the manufacturer. Usage of non‐expired tests increased the sensitivity significantly from 88.2% to 91.7% (P < 0.05). (3) None of the 294 studied blood transfusions can be classified as inappropriate according to international standards. conclusions Simple measures such as proper subgroup selection among blood donors and correct use of non‐expired tests may decrease the risk of iatrogenic HIV transmission. Stricter indications for blood transfusions will not substantially reduce the number of transfusions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%