Risk of incident diabetes post-COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Banerjee, Mainak; Pal, Rimesh; Dutta, Sulagna

doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2022.05.009

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, a recent meta-analysis published in May 2022 reported a pooled risk estimate for incident diabetes in people with vs. without COVID-19, despite high heterogeneity estimates (I 2 reported = 94%). [40] In this review, Banerjee et al [40] report a 59% (95CI: 40%-81%) higher risk of developing incident diabetes in the post-acute COVID-19 phase versus healthy controls among 5,787,027 subjects from four observational studies, and a 22% (14%-31%) and 52% (36%-70%) increase in new-onset diabetes among mild and moderate-severe COVID-19 cases, respectively, as compared with non-COVID-19 ARI comparisons across three studies. In the current review, we include data from an additional eight studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bidirectional association between diabetes and long-COVID-19 – A systematic review

Harding

Oviedo

Ali

et al. 2023

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bidirectional association between diabetes and long-COVID-19 – A systematic review

Harding

Oviedo

Ali

et al. 2023

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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“…Compiled studies investigating glucometabolic abnormalities showed that a select number of recovered COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with diabetes and had continuous hyperglycaemia several months after infection [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Similarly, a recent systematic meta-analysis that pooled analysis from four observational studies showed a 59% higher risk of developing incident diabetes in the post-COVID phase [ 19 ]. Selected studies evaluating new-onset hypertension in COVID-19 survivors demonstrated elevation in systolic blood pressure and minimal diastolic blood pressure changes one to three months after recovery [ 11 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Dyslipidaemia as Sequelae of COVID-19 Infection—Systematic Review

Wrona

Skrypnik

2022

IJERPH

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As the population recovers from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a subset of individuals is emerging as post-coronavirus disease (post-COVID) patients who experience multifactorial long-term symptoms several weeks after the initial recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of this systematic review is to present the latest scientific reports that evaluate changes in glucose levels, blood pressure readings and lipid profiles after recovery from COVID-19 to verify the hypothesis that new-onset diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and dyslipidaemia are a possible sequela of a COVID-19 infection. The open access databases PubMed and Google Scholar were searched. Articles investigating patients with residual clinical signs and biochemical alteration indicating diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia at least a month after recovering from COVID-19 were included. It has been shown that a select number of patients were diagnosed with new-onset diabetes, arterial hypertension and dyslipidaemia after COVID-19 infection. Alterations in glucose levels, blood pressure and lipid profiles months after initial infection shows the importance of considering diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and dyslipidaemia as part of the multifactorial diagnostic criteria post-COVID to better provide evidence-based clinical care.

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“…Follow-up of children with COVID-19 has identified that the incidence of type 1 newly diagnosed diabetes has increased [14]. An unregistered meta-analysis [15] in PROSPERO also found an increased risk of diabetes among adults with long COVID-19, but it has some flaws in the study design which limit the interpretation and applicability of the individual studies' findings. Therefore, there is an urgent need for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the existing literature, particularly focusing on controlled studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk for newly diagnosed diabetes after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhang

Mei

Zhang

et al. 2022

BMC Med

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Background There is growing evidence that patients recovering after a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may have a variety of acute sequelae including newly diagnosed diabetes. However, the risk of diabetes in the post-acute phase is unclear. To solve this question, we aimed to determine if there was any association between status post-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and a new diagnosis of diabetes. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies assessing new-onset diabetes after COVID-19. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were all searched from inception to June 10, 2022. Three evaluators independently extracted individual study data and assessed the risk of bias. Random-effects models estimated the pooled incidence and relative risk (RR) of diabetes compared to non-COVID-19 after COVID-19. Results Nine studies with nearly 40 million participants were included. Overall, the incidence of diabetes after COVID-19 was 15.53 (7.91–25.64) per 1000 person-years, and the relative risk of diabetes after COVID-19 infection was elevated (RR 1.62 [1.45–1.80]). The relative risk of type 1 diabetes was RR=1.48 (1.26–1.75) and type 2 diabetes was RR=1.70 (1.32–2.19), compared to non-COVID-19 patients. At all ages, there was a statistically significant positive association between infection with COVID-19 and the risk of diabetes: <18 years: RR=1.72 (1.19–2.49), ≥18 years: RR=1.63 (1.26–2.11), and >65 years: RR=1.68 (1.22–2.30). The relative risk of diabetes in different gender groups was about 2 (males: RR=2.08 [1.27–3.40]; females: RR=1.99 [1.47–2.80]). The risk of diabetes increased 1.17-fold (1.02–1.34) after COVID-19 infection compared to patients with general upper respiratory tract infections. Patients with severe COVID-19 were at higher risk (RR=1.67 [1.25–2.23]) of diabetes after COVID-19. The risk (RR=1.95 [1.85–2.06]) of diabetes was highest in the first 3 months after COVID-19. These results remained after taking confounding factors into account. Conclusions After COVID-19, patients of all ages and genders had an elevated incidence and relative risk for a new diagnosis of diabetes. Particular attention should be paid during the first 3 months of follow-up after COVID-19 for new-onset diabetes.

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Risk of incident diabetes post-COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 45 publications

References 22 publications

The bidirectional association between diabetes and long-COVID-19 – A systematic review

The bidirectional association between diabetes and long-COVID-19 – A systematic review

New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Dyslipidaemia as Sequelae of COVID-19 Infection—Systematic Review

Risk for newly diagnosed diabetes after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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