Risk of Infectious Disease Transmission from a Common Communion Cup

Abstract

Percutaneous arterial cannulation is one of the most frequently performed invasive monitoring procedures used in critical care, but arterial lines are rarely infected. 1-1° Although rare, arterial linerelated bacteremia is usually a result of Flavobacterium, Serratia, or Enterobacter. 4,8,9

Holy Communion and Infection Transmission: A Literature Review

“…Remarkably, Streptococcus Pyogenes swabbed from the polished surface of the chalice died of rapidly [12]. [13]. They stated that even if transmission occurs, it does not imply inoculation neither infection [13].…”

“…[13]. They stated that even if transmission occurs, it does not imply inoculation neither infection [13]. Disease requires a minimum number of pathogens to be transmitted from person to person [13].…”

“…They stated that even if transmission occurs, it does not imply inoculation neither infection [13]. Disease requires a minimum number of pathogens to be transmitted from person to person [13]. Furthermore, the common communion cup has never been associated with a pandemic outbreak [13].…”

“…Disease requires a minimum number of pathogens to be transmitted from person to person [13]. Furthermore, the common communion cup has never been associated with a pandemic outbreak [13].…”

“…Despite the considerable debate on this issue, in 1998, the Centre of Disease and Control Prevention attempted to achieve a balance between scientific principles and respect for religious beliefs [13]. In this route, a study performed among 681 worshippers partaking Holy Communion disclosed that they did not exert a higher risk of infection compared to those with less or no religious service attendance [13].…”