Risk of Malnutrition Evaluated by Mini Nutritional Assessment and Sarcopenia in Noninstitutionalized Elderly People

Liguori, Ilaria; Curcio, Francesco; Russo, G.; Cellurale, Michele; Aran, Luisa; Bulli, Giulia; Della-Morte, David; Gargiulo, Gaetano; Testa, Gianluca; Cacciatore, Francesco; Bonaduce, Domenico; Abete, Pasquale

doi:10.1002/ncp.10022

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Malnutrition indices and sarcopenia in community-dwelling elderly are poorly investigated, and the result is still controversial. One study conducted in a geriatric outpatient population showed that the parameters for malnutrition, including the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ), loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss, and BMI < 22 kg/m 2 , were not consistently associated with diagnostic measures of sarcopenia 29 , while other studies demonstrated that malnutrition diagnosed by the MNA, the Global Leadership Initiative of Malnutrition (GLIM), and the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) criteria were a significant risk factor for sarcopenia 30,31 . The non-statistically significant result for BMI and malnutrition in our study may be attributable to the small sample size, which could have the effect of underpowering the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study

Therakomen

Petchlorlian

Lakananurak

2020

Sci Rep

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No previous study has investigated the prevalence and risk factors for primary sarcopenia in outpatient setting. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with primary sarcopenia in outpatient elderly. Additionally, we compared the severity of sarcopenia based on the 2014 and 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. This cross-sectional study was performed in 330 subjects aged over 60 years in an outpatient setting. The muscle strength, muscle performance and muscle mass were assessed using the handheld dynamometer, 6-m gait speed, and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 10% as per the 2014 and 2019 AWGS criteria. The development of sarcopenia was positively correlated with the age with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63–28.88] in the middle-old group (70–79 years), and 13.71 (95%CI 3.66–51.41; p = 0.009) in the very old group (≥ 80 years). Prefrailty and low physical activity were significantly associated with sarcopenia with an OR of 4.75 (95%CI 1.90—11.89) in prefrailty, 15.35 (95%CI 1.69–139.47) in the middle activity group, and 17.99 (95%CI 1.95–165.73) in the lowest activity group. In conclusion, primary sarcopenia was found in one-tenth of outpatient elderly. Age, prefrailty, and low activity were independent factors associated with sarcopenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study

Therakomen

Petchlorlian

Lakananurak

2020

Sci Rep

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“… 5 – Growth factors involved in muscle growth regulation, such as myostatin (MYO), activine A and B, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of TGF-β family; 72 – 76 TGF-β itself; 76 follistatin (FST; the main inhibitor of MYO), 77 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); 78 – Markers of muscle protein turnover including neoepitopes, such as sarcomeric proteins (actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin) and extracellular matrix proteins as well as type VI collagen N-terminal globular domain epitope (IC6), MMP-generated degradation fragment of collagen 6 (C6M), N-terminal peptide (P3NP); 79 , 80 3-methylhistidine (3MH), skeletal muscle-specific isoform of troponin T (sTnT), and creatinine. 5 – Markers of physical inactivity such as complement protein C1q, hemoglobin, albumin, selenium, leptin, uric acid, magnesium, and vitamin D. 81 – 88 – Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress: IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, butyryl-cholinesterase (b-CHE), oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL), and vitamins C and E. 89 – 93 …”

Section: Definition Of Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…– Markers of physical inactivity such as complement protein C1q, hemoglobin, albumin, selenium, leptin, uric acid, magnesium, and vitamin D. 81 – 88 …”

Section: Definition Of Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia: assessment of disease burden and strategies to improve outcomes

Liguori

Russo

Aran

et al. 2018

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Life expectancy is increasing worldwide, with a resultant increase in the elderly population. Aging is characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength – a phenomenon called sarcopenia. Sarcopenia has a complex multifactorial pathogenesis, which involves not only age-related changes in neuromuscular function, muscle protein turnover, and hormone levels and sensitivity, but also a chronic pro-inflammatory state, oxidative stress, and behavioral factors – in particular, nutritional status and degree of physical activity. According to the operational definition by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), the diagnosis of sarcopenia requires the presence of both low muscle mass and low muscle function, which can be defined by low muscle strength or low physical performance. Moreover, biomarkers of sarcopenia have been identified for its early detection and for a detailed identification of the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its development. Because sarcopenia is associated with important adverse health outcomes, such as frailty, hospitalization, and mortality, several therapeutic strategies have been identified that involve exercise training, nutritional supplementation, hormonal therapies, and novel strategies and are still under investigation. At the present time, only physical exercise has showed a positive effect in managing and preventing sarcopenia and its adverse health outcomes. Thus, further well-designed and well-conducted studies on sarcopenia are needed.

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“…Patients with severe HF frequently suffer from a gastroenteropathy secondary to intestinal edema which causes malabsorption and anorexia. Anorexia, independently associated with decreased muscle mass and strength [31,32], is a common symptom in HF because it is also related to dysgeusia and nausea, frequent side effects of drugs commonly prescribed in this disease (i.e., digoxin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, β-blockers, and diuretics). This list can also be responsible of a loss of nutrients through urination [33].…”

Section: Malnutrition and Malabsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and Heart Failure

et al. 2020

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Modifications of lean mass are a frequent critical determinant in the pathophysiology and progression of heart failure (HF). Sarcopenia may be considered one of the most important causes of low physical performance and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in older patients with HF. Sarcopenia is frequently misdiagnosed as cachexia. However, muscle wasting in HF has different pathogenetic features in sarcopenic and cachectic conditions. HF may induce sarcopenia through common pathogenetic pathways such as hormonal changes, malnutrition, and physical inactivity; mechanisms that influence each other. In the opposite way, sarcopenia may favor HF development by different mechanisms, including pathological ergoreflex. Paradoxically, sarcopenia is not associated with a sarcopenic cardiac muscle, but the cardiac muscle shows a hypertrophy which seems to be “not-functional.” First-line agents for the treatment of HF, physical activity and nutritional interventions, may offer a therapeutic advantage in sarcopenic patients irrespective of HF. Thus, sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with HF, contributing to its poor prognosis, and both conditions could benefit from common treatment strategies based on pharmacological, physical activity, and nutritional approaches.

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Risk of Malnutrition Evaluated by Mini Nutritional Assessment and Sarcopenia in Noninstitutionalized Elderly People

Abstract: MNA score is low in noninstitutionalized elderly subjects with sarcopenia, and it is linearly related to muscle mass and muscle strength. These data indicate that MNA score, when evaluated with muscle mass and strength, may recognize elderly subjects with sarcopenia.

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study

Sarcopenia: assessment of disease burden and strategies to improve outcomes

Sarcopenia and Heart Failure

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