Risk of Nongenitourinary Cancers in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

Kao, Chia Hong; Sun, Li; Chen, Yueh Sheng; Lin, Cheng Li; Liang, Ji An; Kao, Chia Hung; Weng, Ming Wei

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002462

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A greater risk of hematologic and esophageal cancer has been reported in patients with SCI [2], but the mechanisms underlying these associations are not established. A former study has shown that miR-125a-5p have a reduced expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [18] suggesting that this miRNA can function as a tumor suppressor in this type of cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the 2014 National SCI Statistical Center (NSCISC) annual report [1], neoplasms are the third leading cause of death in SCI individuals in the United States. Patients with SCI have an increased risk of developing esophageal, bladder and hematologic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma chronic or acute myeloid leukemia, and lymphoma, compared with normal population [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioinformatics analysis of circulating miRNAs related to cancer following spinal cord injury

et al. 2019

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Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have an increased risk of developing esophageal, bladder and hematologic malignancies compared with the normal population. In the present study, we aimed to identify, through in silico analysis, miRNAs and their target genes related to the three most frequent types of cancer in individuals with SCI. In a previous study, we reported a pattern of expression of miRNAs in 17 sedentary SCI males compared with 22 healthy able-bodied males by TaqMan OpenArray. This list of miRNAs deregulated in SCI patients was uploaded to miRWALK2.0 to predict the target genes and pathways of selected miRNAs. We used Cytoscape software to construct the network displaying the miRNAs and their gene targets. Among the down-regulated miRNAs in SCI, 21, 19 and 20 miRNAs were potentially associated with hematological, bladder and esophageal cancer, respectively, and three target genes (TP53, CCND1 and KRAS) were common to all three types of cancer. The three up-regulated miRNAs were potentially targeted by 18, 15 and 10 genes associated with all three types of cancer. Our current bioinformatics analysis suggests the potential influence of several miRNAs on the development of cancer in SCI. In general, these data may provide novel information regarding potential molecular mechanisms involved in the development of cancer among individuals with SCI. Further studies aiming at understanding how miRNAs contribute to the development of the major cancers that affect patients after SCI may help elucidate the role of these molecules in the pathophysiology of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics analysis of circulating miRNAs related to cancer following spinal cord injury

et al. 2019

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“…Overexpression of these genes is associated with tumorigenesis by increasing chromosomal instability. Activation of the cell cycle pathway after SCI and subsequent cell proliferation is associated with a wide range of damage caused by secondary mechanisms after SCI and may also be associated with a higher risk of cancer in patients with SCI [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasympathetic Effect Induces Cell Cycle Activation in Upper Limbs of Paraplegic Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Baek

Shin

Lee

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The present study aimed to investigate gene expression changes related to cell cycle activation in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to further evaluate the difference between the upper and lower limbs of SCI patients. Fibroblasts were obtained from the upper and lower limbs of SCI patients and healthy subjects. To investigate gene expression profiling in the fibroblasts from SCI patients compared to the healthy subjects, RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis was performed. To validate the parasympathetic effects on cell cycle activation, fibroblasts from upper or lower limbs of SCI patients were treated with the anticholinergic agents tiotropium or acetylcholine, and quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted. Cell proliferation was significantly increased in the upper limbs of SCI patients compared with the lower limbs of SCI patients and healthy subjects. The pathway and genes involved in cell cycle were identified by RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis. Expression of cell-cycle-related genes CCNB1, CCNB2, PLK1, BUB1, and CDC20 were significantly higher in the upper limbs of SCI patients compared with the lower limbs of SCI patients and healthy subjects. When the fibroblasts were treated with tiotropium the upper limbs and acetylcholine in the lower limbs, the expression of cell-cycle-related genes and cell proliferation were significantly modulated. This study provided the insight that cell proliferation and cell cycle activation were observed to be significantly increased in the upper limbs of SCI patients via the parasympathetic effect.

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“…11,59,63 Although it is unknown if NASH occurs at a higher frequency after SCI, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic carcinoma do have a significantly higher frequency in SCI individuals than in the general population. 64,65 Green tea and its catechins protect against inducible NAFLD by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, plasma aminotransferases, triglycerides, and lipoproteins. 30,31,43,44 The close relationship of these factors to the development of NAFLD supported the hypothesis that dietary green tea would also protect against NAFLD-like liver pathology in chronic SCI; however, this was not observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Green Tea Extract Prior to Spinal Cord Injury Prevents Hepatic Iron Overload but Does Not Improve Chronic Hepatic and Spinal Cord Pathology in Rats

Goodus

Sauerbeck

Popovich

et al. 2018

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts autonomic regulation of visceral organs. As a result, a leading cause of mortality in the SCI population is metabolic dysfunction, and an organ central to metabolic control is the liver. Our recent work showed that rodent SCI promotes Kupffer cell (hepatic macrophage) activation, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and liver steatosis. These are symptoms of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and these pre-clinical data replicate aspects of post-SCI human metabolic dysfunction. Because metabolic profile is highly dependent on lifestyle, including diet, it is likely that lifestyle choices prior to injury influence metabolic and hepatic outcomes after SCI. Therefore, in this study we tested if a diet rich in green tea extract (GTE), a known hepatoprotective agent, that began 3 weeks before SCI and was maintained after injury, reduced indices of liver pathology or metabolic dysfunction. GTE treatment significantly reduced post-SCI hepatic iron accumulation and blunted circulating glucose elevation compared with control-diet rats. However, GTE pre-treatment did not prevent Kupffer cell activation, hepatic lipid accumulation, increased serum alanine transaminase, or circulating non-esterified fatty acids, which were all significantly increased 6 weeks post-injury. Spinal cord pathology also was unchanged by GTE. Thus, dietary GTE prior to and after SCI had only a minor hepatoprotective effect. In general, for optimal health of SCI individuals, it will be important for future studies to evaluate how other lifestyle choices made before or after SCI positively or negatively impact systemic and intraspinal outcomes and the overall metabolic health of SCI individuals.

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Risk of Nongenitourinary Cancers in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Bioinformatics analysis of circulating miRNAs related to cancer following spinal cord injury

Bioinformatics analysis of circulating miRNAs related to cancer following spinal cord injury

Parasympathetic Effect Induces Cell Cycle Activation in Upper Limbs of Paraplegic Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Dietary Green Tea Extract Prior to Spinal Cord Injury Prevents Hepatic Iron Overload but Does Not Improve Chronic Hepatic and Spinal Cord Pathology in Rats

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