Risk of Parkinson Disease Onset in Patients With Diabetes

Abstract

OBJECTIVEWe retrospectively assessed the age- and sex-specific incidence and relative risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in Taiwan’s diabetic population.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSStudy cohort included 603,416 diabetic patients and 472,188 nondiabetic control subjects. Incidence rate and relative risk of PD (ICD-9-CM 332.0) were evaluated.RESULTSThe incidence of PD was 3.59 and 2.15 per 10,000 person-years for the diabetic and control group, respectively, representing a covariate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.61 (95% CI 1.56–1.66), which was substantially reduced to 1.37 (1.32–1.41) after adjusting for medical visits. Diabetes was associated with a significantly elevated risk of PD in all sex and age stratifications except in young women, with the highest HR noted for young men aged 21–40 years (2.10 [1.01–4.42]), followed by women aged 41–60 (2.05 [1.82–2.30]) and >60 years (1.65 [1.58–1.73]).CONCLUSIONSDiabetes is associated with an increased risk of PD onset in a Chinese population, and the relation is stronger in women and younger patients.

Increased Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Cohort studies have suggested that patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of PD [26,27,28]. In experimental animal studies, chronic hyperglycemia reduced striatal dopaminergic transmission and enhanced the sensitivity of postsynaptic dopamine receptors [29].…”

A novel GLP-1/GIP dual agonist is more effective than liraglutide in reducing inflammation and enhancing GDNF release in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease

“…PD is diagnosed by characteristic motor impairments (Langston, 2002), caused by a reduction in striatal dopamine levels, which is due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (Moore et al, 2005;Wakamatsu et al, 2008). Importantly, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has been identified as a risk factor for PD (Hu et al, 2007;Schernhammer et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2012;Wahlqvist et al, 2012). Insulin signaling in the brain plays an important role in neuronal metabolism, repair, and synaptic efficacy (Freiherr et al, 2013;Ghasemi et al, 2013;van der Heide et al, 2006).…”

Identification of Serum Anti-GADD34 Antibody as a Common Marker of Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson Disease

“…Additional factors such as BMI, alcohol use, coffee and tea consumption, smoking and physical activity did not alter this risk. Sun et al examined a study group in Taiwan composed of 600,314 diabetic patients and 472,188 non-diabetic patients and evaluated the risk of developing PD for 9 years [41]. The number of PD onset per 10,000 people was 3.59 in the DM group per year and 2.15 in the non-DM group, representing a covariate adjusted hazard ratio of 1.61.…”