Risk of Transmission of Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease by Blood Transfusion

Peden, Alexander; Barria, Marcelo A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20565-1_12

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…3,4 Thus, the consensus from these studies is that the risk, if any, of transfusion transmission of classic CJD is extremely low. [5][6][7] Of note, a report from the UK in 2017 shows sporadic CJD in two recipients of plasma products with long-term treatment, however a causal link to these products was not established. 8 The conclusion that CJD is unlikely to be transmitted by transfusion accompanies recognition that there is no longer significant risk of transmission of vCJD; the last reported transfusion transmission of vCJD worldwide was in 2007.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, comparable studies from the UK and Scandinavia found no cases among respectively 1194 and 7617 person years of observation, for an overall total of more than 15,500 person‐years 3,4 . Thus, the consensus from these studies is that the risk, if any, of transfusion transmission of classic CJD is extremely low 5–7 . Of note, a report from the UK in 2017 shows sporadic CJD in two recipients of plasma products with long‐term treatment, however a causal link to these products was not established 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28‐year lookback study

Crowder,

Dodd,

Schonberger

2024

Transfusion

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BackgroundFor many years, there has been concern about the risk of transmission of classic forms of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (CJD) by blood transfusion, particularly after the recognition of such transmission of variant CJD (vCJD). We report on a 28‐year lookback study of recipients of blood from donors who subsequently developed CJD.MethodsPatients with diagnosed CJD and a history of blood donation were identified. Blood centers were asked to provide information about the distribution of the donations and consignees were requested to provide information about the recipients of the donations. Vital status of each available recipient was determined and, if deceased, the reported cause(s) of death were obtained primarily from the National Death Index. All recipients included in the study database contributed person‐time up to the last recorded review of vital status.ResultsThere were 84 eligible donors who gave 3284 transfusable components, and it was possible to evaluate 1245 recipients, totaling 6495 person‐years of observation. The mean observation period per recipient was 5.5 years with a maximum of 51 years. No case of CJD or prion disease was reported among the recipient population.DiscussionThe study suggests that CJD may not be transfusion‐transmissible, a position in agreement with similar findings from two similar European reports amounting to an overall observation period of 15,500 person‐years. These studies have supported the conclusion that the risk, if any, of transmission of CJD by blood products is extremely small and remains theoretical.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28‐year lookback study

Crowder,

Dodd,

Schonberger

2024

Transfusion

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“…The estimated risk to recipients appears minimal, and epidemiological data on vCJD are reassuring. Indeed, there has been no suspected transfusion‐transmission case of vCJD since 1999 [5], possibly (in part) because of the implementation of universal leukodepletion in the UK (also in 1999) [8]. Furthermore, the vCJD epidemic has considerably waned since the early 2000s, with fewer than five cases reported worldwide between 2015 and 2021 [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, vCJD can also be acquired through blood transfusion or receipt of a plasma-derived product. To date, five individuals are strongly suspected to have acquired a vCJD infection from a vCJD-implicated blood product, including three cases of clinical vCJD and two of asymptomatic vCJD [5]. All of these individuals received a vCJD-implicated, non-leukodepleted product between 1996 and 1999 [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a simulated cohort of Canadian blood donors

et al. 2023

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Background and ObjectivesNo transfusion‐associated cases of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) have occurred in more than 20 years. Yet, many countries have maintained blood donor deferral criteria for vCJD. We developed a risk simulation model to reassess the need for vCJD‐related deferral criteria in Canada.Materials and MethodsThe model provides results separately for Héma‐Québec (HQ) and Canadian Blood Services (CBS). The model used a Monte Carlo simulation approach to estimate the risk of having a vCJD‐contaminated blood donation (‘risk of vCJD’) in a simulated cohort of 10 million donors followed for up to 85 years. The model assumed current deferral criteria for vCJD were lifted, which would allow new ‘at‐risk’ donors to give blood. The model accounted for disease prevalence, donors' travel/immigration history, PRNP genotype at codon 129, demographics and the type of labile blood product.ResultsIn the base case, the risk of vCJD was estimated at zero at both blood services. In the most pessimistic scenario, the risk of vCJD was 6.4 × 10−9 (i.e., 1 in 157 million donations) at HQ, or ≤1 in 77 million based on the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI). At CBS, this risk was 4.8 × 10−8 (i.e., 1 in 21 million donations), or ≤1 in 16 million based on the upper bound of the 95% CI.ConclusionvCJD poses minimal risks to the Canadian blood supply. Current vCJD deferral criteria may, therefore, be lifted with virtually no impact on safety, while significantly expanding the donor base.

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Risk of Transmission of Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease by Blood Transfusion

Cited by 2 publications

References 132 publications

Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28‐year lookback study

Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28‐year lookback study

Risk of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a simulated cohort of Canadian blood donors

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