Risk Perception of COVID-19 in Indonesia During the First Stage of the Pandemic

Abstract

Community perceptions of early-stage pandemics may have significant implications for subsequent disease control and management. Perceptions of COVID-19 among Indonesian citizens were assessed 2 months after the first reported case in the country. The study used an online survey tool, which was adapted from a standardized questionnaire for risk perception of an infectious disease outbreak. The questions of the survey involved respondents' perceived level of knowledge, preparedness, efficacy of control measures, newness, infectiousness, seriousness, motivating and hindering factors, and effectiveness of prevention methods, as well as questions that assessed actual level of knowledge of respondents such as causative agents, modes of transmission, number of total cases, and available control measures. A total of 1,043 respondents participated in this study. The main sources of information of respondents were social media (85.2%) and online news (82.2%). Nearly all respondents were aware that COVID-19 is a viral disease with saliva droplets (97.1%) and contaminated surfaces (86.5%) being its main modes of transmission. Participants showed a good level of knowledge pertaining to control measures, an adequate level of belief toward their efficacy, and a willingness to implement such measures. More than 95% of the respondents perceived COVID-19 to be either serious or very serious. However, the level of anxiety among respondents was moderate, suggesting the presence of risk tolerance in the community. Individual characteristics such as gender, educational background, and occupation were found to have a statistically significant relationship with risk perception and tolerance, but voluntary participation in control measures was high and similar. This indicates that the COVID-19 health campaign during early pandemic in Indonesia was a success. This research also revealed certain areas where health promotion, education, and awareness might be improved.

Gambaran Persepsi Risiko Penyebaran Covid-19 di Tempat Kerja Pada Pekerja Hulu Migas di Lapangan Hijau PT. P

“…Hasil ini sejalan dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Tejamaya et.al (15) terkait dengan persepsi masyarakat tentang COVID-19, dimana mayoritas responden (91,4%, n=953) meyakini bahwa virus ini menyebar dengan sangat cepat (berkisar antara menyebar dalam beberapa hari sampai segera).…”

“…Persepsi risiko pekerja dengan usia < 30 tahun dan > 40 tahun lebih baik dibanding pekerja usia 30-40 tahun. Persepsi yang baik menunjukkan tingkat kewaspadaan yang lebih tinggi yang didukung oleh fakta bahwa pada awal terjadinya pandemi di Indonesia, kasus sangat umum terjadi pada populasi yang lebih muda dan tingkat kematian lebih tinggi pada populasi yang lebih tua (15). Penelitian Hedima, 2020 (5) mengatakan persepsi risiko lebih tinggi pada responden yang lebih tua, namun lebih rendah pada golongan usia yang lebih muda.…”

Analisis Hubungan Faktor Individu Dengan Persepsi Risiko Karyawan Pt X Terhadap Covid-19 Di Proyek Lintas Rel Terpadu

“…Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa sebanyak 23% responden pria dan 50% responden wanita memiliki persepsi bahwa COVID-19 merupakan virus yang baru diketahui. Hal ini tidak sejalan dengan penelitian Tejamaya et al (2020) namun sesuai pernyataan Ferdous et al (2020) bahwa wanita lebih banyak menggali informasi terkait kesehatan, sehingga wanita lebih mengetahui informasi terkait COVID-19. Hal ini disebabkan wanita memiliki peran penting dalam mengurus rumah tangga, sehingga informasi yang diterima akan diterapkan ke dalam keluarga mereka (Zhong et al, 2020).…”

“…Analisis tingkat pendidikan seseorang menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 48,3% responden SMA, 10% responden Diploma, dan 24,3% responden S1 memiliki persepsi bahwa COVID-19 merupakan virus yang baru diketahui. Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian Tejamaya et al (2020) Faktor lain yang diidentifikasi seseorang secara sukarela bekerja adalah responden wanita, responden yang tinggal dengan anak-anak, responden di daerah terpencil, responden yang memiliki kualifikasi pendidikan tinggi, dan responden dengan pendapatan yang lebih tinggi (Niebuur et al, 2018).…”

COVID-19 risk perception framework of the public: an infodemic tool for future pandemics and epidemics

“…Risk perception is a complex phenomenon influenced by multiple psychological, societal, and cultural factors that change in time and place [ 3 , 8 , 9 ]. Recent studies of subjective risk perception towards COVID-19 conclude that risk perception is driven by various factors including demographic factors, individual factors, geographical factors, timing, and cultural factors highlighting the importance of gaining a greater understanding of individual and cultural factors in each context [ 4 , 10 , 11 ].…”