Risk Perception of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Acceptability of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Nigeria

Iheanacho, Chinonyerem O.; Enechukwu, Okechuckwu Harrison; Aguyi-Ikeany, Chinelo Nneka

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-297619/v1

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

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COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Nigeria: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nnaemeka

Okafor

Orababa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Widespread COVID–19 vaccination is essential to maintaining pandemic control. However, low–and lower–middle–income countries (LMICs) continue to face challenges to care due to unequal access and vaccine fear despite the introduction of safe and effective immunisations. This study aimed to collect information on Nigeria's COVID–19 vaccine uptake rates and determinants. Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journal Online, Springer, and Hinari were all systematically searched through and completed in May 2022. Quality assessments of the listed studies were performed using the eight–item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools for cross–sectional studies. In addition, we undertook a meta-analysis to calculate pooled acceptance rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Forty–two studies in total satisfied the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. A total of 24,533 respondents were studied. The total sample size of states in the Northern, Western and Southern parts of Nigeria are 3,206, 4,527 and 5,059, respectively, while 11,741 is the cumulative sample size of all the Nigeria-wide studies. The total COVID–19 vaccination acceptance rate among all the study groups was 52.4% (95% CI: 46.9–57.9%, I2 = 100%), while the total estimated COVID–19 vaccination hesitancy rates was 47.81% (95% CI: 42.2 – 53.4% I2 = 100%). In Nigeria–regions sub–group analyses, the Western region (58.90%, 95% CI: 47.12–70.27%) and Northern region (54.9%, 95% CI: 40.11%–69.4%) showed the highest rates of vaccine acceptance and vaccine hesitancy respectively. The COVID–19 vaccine acceptance rate was highest in 2020, with a pooled rate of 59.56% (46.34, 57.32%, I2 = 98.7%). The acceptance rate in 2021 was only 48.48 (40.78%, 56.22%), while for the studies in 2022, it increased to 52.04% (95% CI: 35.7%, 68.15 %). The sensitisation of local authorities and the dissemination of more detailed information about the COVID–19 vaccine and its safety, could significantly increase the country's vaccination rate.

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COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Nigeria: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nnaemeka

Okafor

Orababa

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Immunogenicity and clinical features relating to BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review of non-interventional studies

Iheanacho

Eze

2022

Futur J Pharm Sci

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Background Vaccination against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important means of controlling the pandemic, however they are expected to stimulate immune responses when administered to confer immunity. In this review, we evaluated the clinical and laboratory features associated with BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines, to determine their immunogenicity. Demographic distribution of pathogenic autoimmune response and time interval between vaccination and onset of symptoms were also assessed. This was to identify; persons at risk of developing auto-immune reactions and markers to enhanced occurrence of this event. Main body Using relevant keywords, search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google scholar from November 2020 to May 31, 2021. Additional article was also identified through hand-searching of reference lists, and the review was conducted in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines 2009. Study outcome measures were presence of antibodies after vaccination and evidence of autoimmune reactions, therefore studies relating these measures were considered eligible for this review. Studies showed stimulation of immune response with administration of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2-S adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Aside SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, elevated D-dimers, presence of PF4 and low fibrinogen were most commonly seen laboratory features in persons with autoimmune reactions following vaccination. In addition, thrombotic thrombocytopenia was the commonest clinical features observed with ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2-S adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Findings from this study also suggest higher susceptibility of women of 22–60 years to the pathogenic immunogenicity that may particular result from exposure to ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2-S adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Time interval of 4–37 days was mostly observed between vaccination and occurrence of a symptom. Conclusion Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia and other PF4 dependent syndrome are likely associated with ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2.S adenovirus vector vaccines, mostly occurring in women usually within 4–37 days of first dose of vaccine. Enhanced knowledge about vaccine adverse effects and its distribution is crucial for effective vaccination strategies.

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Risk Perception of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Acceptability of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Nigeria: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Nigeria: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Immunogenicity and clinical features relating to BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review of non-interventional studies

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