Risk Preferences and Patriarchy: Extending Power-Control Theory

On the relationships between gender, power control, self-control, and crime

“…Hagan et al (1985Hagan et al ( , 1987 initially reported support for the original instrument-object hypothesis. Subsequent research (Grasmick, Hagan, Blackwell, & Arneklev, 1996;Hagan et al, 1990;Hill & Atkinson, 1988;Morash & Chesney-Lind, 1991;Singer & Levine, 1988), in which relational controls were considered in addition to instrumental controls, demonstrated that supervision and affection for mothers/ fathers varied in their impact on boys and girls, generally within same-sex dyads. In other words, mothers' supervision and girls' affection for mothers impacted girls' risk preferences, risk perceptions, and delinquency while fathers were more likely to impact their sons' attitudes and behaviors.…”

Intrepid, imprudent, or impetuous? The effects of gender threats on men's financial decisions.

“…Gender differences in risk-taking have been attributed to factors including testosterone levels (Apicella et al, 2008;Coates & Herbert, 2008), cortisol levels (van den Bos, Harteveld, & Stoop, 2009), anticipated outcomes for taking risks (Fujita, Diener, & Sandvik, 1991), socialization (Grasmick, Hagan, Blackwell, & Arneklev, 1996), and evolved adaptations that selected for risk-taking among men in order to acquire social status and resources, and thereby attract mates (Buss, 1998;Buss & Schmitt, 1993;Geary, 1998;Trivers, 1972;Wilson & Daly, 1985).…”

Curriculum Implications of Anti-Gay Attitudes Among Undergraduate Criminal Justice Majors

“…Attitudinal measure of patriarchy (Grasmick, Hagan, Blackwell, & Arneklev, 1996) In order to measure patriarchal attitude (gender schema), researchers have used a series of items concerning traditional gender norms (Hagan, Boehnke, & Merkens, 2004;McCarthy, Hagan, & Woodward, 1999). The present study used these nine attitudinal statements to gauge the degree of respondents' support for patriarchal schema.…”