Risk Regulation, Science, and Interests in Transatlantic Trade Conflicts

Abstract

The global political economy is in flux as a series of cumulative crises impacts its organization and governance. The IPE series has tracked its development in both analysis and structure over the last three decades. It has always had a concentration on the global South. Now the South increasingly challenges the North as the centre of development, also reflected in a growing number of submissions and publications on indebted Eurozone economies in Southern Europe.An indispensable resource for scholars and researchers, the series examines a variety of capitalisms and connections by focusing on emerging economies, companies and sectors, debates and policies. It informs diverse policy communities as the established trans-Atlantic North declines and 'the rest', especially the BRICS, rise.

Protein-Rich By-Products: Production Statistics, Legislative Restrictions, and Management Options

“…However, as a result of the discrepancies between each state's local policy making and a lack of cohesive global regulations, the intersection between risk and commerce continues to be a major challenge facing the international trading system. A significant amount of trade conflict experienced at the World Trade Organization has involved the united States, canada, and/or the european union (Hornsby, 2013). Some topics that became the focus of either formal or informal disputes have included hormone-fed beef, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSe), raw milk cheese, genetically modified organisms, chlorine-washed chicken, and wood packing materials.…”

“…Although the risk regulations set forth by the european union take a precautionary approach, acting in light of scientific uncertainty and taking into account public concerns, the uS system is based on a "sound science" approach, free from political influence, however, this has not always been the case. It has been argued that the united States used to be more precautionary than the european union (Hornsby, 2013), but was pressured to limit the calculation of risk in public policy. The eu's regulatory failures during food safety crises served to undermine public trust in the eu institutions, resulting in the use of a precautionary approach (Hornsby, 2013).…”

“…It has been argued that the united States used to be more precautionary than the european union (Hornsby, 2013), but was pressured to limit the calculation of risk in public policy. The eu's regulatory failures during food safety crises served to undermine public trust in the eu institutions, resulting in the use of a precautionary approach (Hornsby, 2013). Overall, it has also been proposed that both regions partake in "occasional and selective application of precaution to different risks in different places and time" (Wiener, 2011).…”