Risk to breeding success of fish-eating Ardeids due to persistent organic contaminants in Hong Kong: evidence from organochlorine compounds in eggs

Connell, Des; Fung, C.N.; Minh, Tu Binh; Tanabe, Shinsuke; Lam, Paul K.S.; Wong, Bryan S.F.; Lam, Michael Hon-Wah; Wong, L. C.; Wu, Rudolf S.S.; Richardson, Bruce J.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00294-4

Cited by 101 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar to other investigations (48,49), p,p′-DDE was the major DDT metabolite, comprising 96.8-99.5% of the total DDTr concentration. Concentrations of p,p′-DDE ranged from 13.14 to 326.60 ng/g wet weight, lower than those reported in the eggs of the little egret and the night heron (50). The concentration range of p,p′-DDMU, a compound rarely included in studies of DDTr's in the environment, was 0.33-6.53 ng/g wet weight, indicating a large biomagnification potential for p,p′-DDMU compared with DDD and DDT.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Ddtr's In the Eggs Of Common Ternscontrasting

confidence: 55%

Deriving Site-Specific 2,2-Bis(chlorophenyl)- 1,1-dichloroethylene Quality Criteria of Water and Sediment for Protection of Common Tern Populations in Bohai Bay, North China

An¹,

Hu²,

Wan³

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this paper we first present a method of deriving site-specific water and sediment quality criteria of chemicals for protecting wildlife populations. The method has two steps: (1) identification of the threshold concentration in specific tissue corresponding to a population benchmark response and (2) extrapolating quality criteria on the basis of the bioaccumulation in tissue from the water or sediment (e.g., the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and biota/sediment accumulation factor (BSAF)). The method was applied to derive 2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p‘-DDE) quality criteria of water and sediment of Bohai Bay, China, for common tern populations. The benchmark concentration in eggs of the common tern was determined to be 663 ng/g wet weight from the relationship curve between concentration (biotic burden in eggs) and the intrinsic rate of population increase (r) calculated by an age-structured matrix approach. The p,p‘-DDE concentra tions (mean 58.79 and ranging from 13.14 to 326.60 ng/g wet weight) measured in common tern eggs (n = 35), collected from the Beidagang wetland on the coast of Bohai Bay in China, and those in surface water or sediment from literature values were combined to estimate the probability distribution of BAF and BSAF using the Monte Carlo method. Finally, the marine water and sediment quality criteria of p,p‘-DDE in Bohai Bay were estimated to be 4 ng/L and 1.9 ng/g dry weight, respectively.

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Section: Concentrations Of Ddtr's In the Eggs Of Common Ternscontrasting

confidence: 55%

Deriving Site-Specific 2,2-Bis(chlorophenyl)- 1,1-dichloroethylene Quality Criteria of Water and Sediment for Protection of Common Tern Populations in Bohai Bay, North China

An¹,

Hu²,

Wan³

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…(Figures 1 and 2). Finally, other studies have reported feather lead levels as a biomarker of exposure and toxicity (e.g., 34,[50][51][52][53], though to our knowledge none have used serial sampling and stable isotopic analyses to determine the bird's lead exposure history.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of this intercalibration (data not shown) showed that the 207 Pb/ 206 Pb ratios It was considered that lead exposures to condors in California might also coincide with elevated exposures to other toxic metals originating from unknown environmental source(s). To evaluate this, a subset of 11 condor blood samples were analyzed for arsenic (As), silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) by ICP-MS in low (Ag, Cd, Pb), medium (Cr, Cu, Zn), or high (As, Se) resolution, measuring masses 109 Ag, 75 As, 110 Cd, 52 Cr, 63 Cu, 82 Se, 66 Zn, and 208 Pb, with added rhodium ( 103 Rh) and bismuth ( 209 Bi) as internal standards. External standardization was via certified standards (Spex Industries, Inc.).…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Ammunition is the Principal Source of Lead Accumulated by California Condors Re-Introduced to the Wild

Church

Gwiazda

Risebrough

et al. 2006

Environ. Sci. Technol.

158

105

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The endangered California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) was reduced to a total population of 22 birds by the end of 1982. Their captive-bred descendants are now being released back into the wild in California, Arizona, and Baja California, where monitoring indicates they may accumulate lead to toxic levels. Fragments of ammunition in the carcasses of game animals such as deer, elk, and feral pigs not retrieved by hunters or in gut piles left in the field have been considered a plausible source of the lead, though little direct evidence is available to support this hypothesis. Here, we measured lead concentrations and isotope ratios in blood from 18 condors living in the wild in central California, in 8 pre-release birds, and in diet and ammunition samples to determine the importance of ammunition as a source of exposure. Blood lead levels in pre-release condors were low (average 27.7 ng/mL, SD 4.9 ng/mL) and isotopically similar to dietary and background environmental lead in California. In contrast, blood lead levels in free-flying condors were substantially higher (average 246 ng/mL, SD 229 ng/mL) with lead isotopic compositions that approached or matched those of the lead ammunition. A two-endmember mixing model defined by the background 207Pb/206Pb ratio of representative condor diet samples (0.8346) and the upper 207Pb/206Pb ratio of the ammunition samples (0.8184) was able to account for the blood lead isotopic compositions in 20 out of the 26 live condors sampled in this study (i.e., 77%). Finally, lead in tissues and in a serially sampled growing feather recovered post-mortem from a lead-poisoned condor in Arizona evidence acute exposure from an isotopically distinct lead source. Together, these data indicate that incidental ingestion of ammunition in carcasses of animals killed by hunters is the principal source of elevated lead exposure that threatens the recovery in the wild of this endangered species.

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“…Although the application of organochlorine pesticides has been banned in developed countries, they are still ubiquitous in marine, freshwater, and estuarine food chains (Maruyama et al, 2000;Tanabe et al, 1994;Iwata et al, 1994;Bard, 1999;Glynn et al, 1995), and have been associated with abnormal development of the reproductive system of wild animals (Simonich and Hites, 1995;Connell et al, 2003;Weber and Goerke, 1996). Another category of compounds of global concern is dioxins including co-PCB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of trace organic contaminants in Bohai Bay and its adjacent Nanpaiwu River, North China

Hu¹,

Wan²,

Shao

et al. 2005

Marine Chemistry

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Concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), pentachlorobenzene (penta-CB), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (coPCBs), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis( p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDTs, including p,pV -DDT; o,pV -DDT; p,pV -DDD; o,pV -DDD; p,pV -DDE; o,pV -DDE; p,pV -DDMU), nonylphenol (NP), and nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) were measured in sedimentary cores from Bohai Bay (one core) and its adjacent river, the Nanpaiwu River (two cores), North China. While a-, h-, and g-HCHs were detected in similar abundance in the two cores from the Nanpaiwu River, only a-HCH was detected in the Bohai Bay core, suggesting that a-HCH might be more resistant to degradation than h-or g-HCHs. The concentrations of HCHs and HCB in the core from Bohai Bay were in the range of 0.8-140 and 9.1-1300 ng/g dry wt, respectively, whereas in the cores from the Nanpaiwu River, the maximum concentrations of HCHs and HCB reached 84,200 and 141,400 ng/g dry wt, respectively. There was a similarity of sedimentary profiles between HCHs and HCB in the three cores. The concentration of PCDDs/DFs in Bohai Bay was 0.5-3.5 ng/g dry wt [1.6-6.4 toxic equivalents (TEQ) world health organization (WHO) pg/g], far lower than the concentrations in the core samples taken from the Nanpaiwu River (the maximum concentration: 9200 ng/g dry wt; 22,000 TEQ WHO pg/g). The congener profiles of PCDD/DFs and co-PCB in the cores were similar to those in PCP, and the concentration of co-PCBs was related to that of PCDDs/DFs. In addition, the concentrations of HCH, HCB, PCDD/Fs, and co-PCB all decreased linearly relative to total organic carbon content (TOC) in surface sediment from the river to Bohai Bay. The concentration of DDTs ranged from 1.6 to 12.3 ng/g dry wt in Bohai Bay, significantly different from the profiles from the Napaiwu River (29.3 ng/g dry wt). An abundance of the compounds o,pV -DDE and o,pV -DDD were detected in the cores. The sedimentary profiles of NP and NPEOs were similar, and two peak concentrations of NP/NPEOs were found at the subsurface and subbottom in the core from Bohai Bay, respectively. The concentration of NP and NPEOs in the cores from the Nanpaiwu

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Risk to breeding success of fish-eating Ardeids due to persistent organic contaminants in Hong Kong: evidence from organochlorine compounds in eggs

Cited by 101 publications

References 21 publications

Deriving Site-Specific 2,2-Bis(chlorophenyl)- 1,1-dichloroethylene Quality Criteria of Water and Sediment for Protection of Common Tern Populations in Bohai Bay, North China

Deriving Site-Specific 2,2-Bis(chlorophenyl)- 1,1-dichloroethylene Quality Criteria of Water and Sediment for Protection of Common Tern Populations in Bohai Bay, North China

Ammunition is the Principal Source of Lead Accumulated by California Condors Re-Introduced to the Wild

Occurrence of trace organic contaminants in Bohai Bay and its adjacent Nanpaiwu River, North China

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