2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2010.10.008
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Risks and Management of Prolonged Suspension in an Alpine Harness

Abstract: Suspension trauma is a state of shock induced by passive hanging. Those who survive passive suspension are at risk for rhabdomyolysis. In a wilderness setting, one can see this in cases of persons suspended on rope by their harness. In a conscious person, leg movements work the venous pump to return blood to the central circulation. In the person passively hanging, blood pools in the legs leading to hypoperfusion of vital organs. In the experimental setting, passive hanging has led to unconsciousness in a matt… Show more

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Cited by 38 publications
(50 citation statements)
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“…Like trauma, pathophysiology actually takes place once pressure is relieved from the damaged tissue, and the necrotic muscles release their components into circulation 48 . Known positions resulting in rhabdomyolysis are lateral decubitus, lithotomy, sitting, knee-to-chest, prone position 49 and harness hanging 50 . Overweight >30% of ideal body mass, surgery of more than 5-6 hours, circulatory volume depletion and pre-existing diabetes or hypertension are contributing risk factors 51 .…”
Section: Muscle Ischemiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Like trauma, pathophysiology actually takes place once pressure is relieved from the damaged tissue, and the necrotic muscles release their components into circulation 48 . Known positions resulting in rhabdomyolysis are lateral decubitus, lithotomy, sitting, knee-to-chest, prone position 49 and harness hanging 50 . Overweight >30% of ideal body mass, surgery of more than 5-6 hours, circulatory volume depletion and pre-existing diabetes or hypertension are contributing risk factors 51 .…”
Section: Muscle Ischemiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Verstärkt wird dies durch eine Reduktion der Muskelpumpe infolge einer verminderten Muskelaktivität, beispielsweise durch Erschöpfung, Hypoglykämie, Schmerzen, Verletzungen, Hypothermie und Bewusstlosigkeit aus anderen Gründen. Dies führt zu einer Reduktion der kardialen Vorlast und konsekutiv zu einem reduzierten Herzminutenvolumen mit einer generalisierten Hypoperfusion [1,3,10]. Zudem scheint eine vasovagale Reflexantwort eine Rolle zu spielen [1,3].…”
Section: Pathophysiologieunclassified
“…Dies führt zu einer Reduktion der kardialen Vorlast und konsekutiv zu einem reduzierten Herzminutenvolumen mit einer generalisierten Hypoperfusion [1,3,10]. Zudem scheint eine vasovagale Reflexantwort eine Rolle zu spielen [1,3]. So wird postuliert, dass der reduzierte venöse kardiale Rückstrom über den Bezold-Jarisch-Reflex eine Bradykardie mit konsekutiver Bewusstlosigkeit auslösen kann, ähnlich einer vasovagalen Synkope [3,11] Obwohl die vasovagale Reflexantwort bei allen gesunden Individuen vorhanden ist, scheinen individuelle Unterschiede bezüglich der Anfälligkeit zu bestehen [14].…”
Section: Pathophysiologieunclassified
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“…There are specific pathologies, for example, frostbite (Cauchy et al, 2011), suspension trauma (Mortimer, 2011), the triple H syndrome (hypothermia, hypercapnia, and hypoxia) , and high-altitude illness (Basnyat and Murdoch, 2003) that are not seen in other environments. Furthermore, trauma accounts for up to 90% of all cases in mountain rescue operations (Marsigny et al, 1999;McIntosh et al, 2010), and although the incidence of trauma is higher in urban areas, the relative mortality may be higher in rural cases (Fatovich et al, 2011).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%