Risks of transmissible diseases in relation to embryo transfer

Tallec, Bertrand Le; Ponsart, Claire; Guienne, B. Marquant-Le; Guérina, Bernard

doi:10.1051/rnd:2001143

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The authors concluded that sheep zygotes and embryos washed and treated with trypsin seemed to be MVV-free, even if their zona pellucida was subsequently disrupted. Several other reports have similarly indicated that brief exposure to trypsin (during washing) would remove viruses from bovine, ovine, and swine embryos [1,4,43], as well as human embryos and those from other farm animals [44]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk of introduction of equine infectious anemia virus into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada

et al. 2012

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Deriving horse oocytes in the USA is hampered by the lack of abattoirs processing horse carcasses which could provide abundant quantities of ovaries from slaughtered mares. Therefore, several cloning industries in the USA are attempting to import cloned horse embryos from Canada. Like any agricultural commodity, cloned embryos pose a risk of introduction of exotic animal diseases into the importing country. Under such circumstances, risk assessment could provide an objective, transparent, and internationally accepted means for evaluating the risk. This quantitative risk assessment (QRA) was initiated to determine the risk of introduction of Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada. In assessing the risk, a structured knowledge base regarding cloning in relation to EIA was first developed. Based on the knowledge base, a scenario tree was developed to determine conditions (with mathematical probabilities) that could lead to the introduction and maintenance of EIAV along the cloning pathway. Parameters for the occurrence of the event at each node were estimated using published literature. Using @RISK software and setting Monte Carlo simulation at 50 000 iterations, the probability of importing an EIAV-infected cloned horse embryo was 1.8×10−9 (R = 1.5×10−12 to 2.9×10−8). Taking into account the current protocol for equine cloning and assuming the yield of 5 to 30 clones per year, the possible number of EIAV-infected cloned horse embryos ranged from 2.0×10−10 to 9.1×10−5 (Mean = 1.4×10−6) per year. Consequently, it would take up to 1.5×107 (R = 1.6×104 to 5.1×1010) years for EIAV to be introduced into the USA. Based on the knowledge base and our critical pathway analysis, the biological plausibility of introducing EIAV into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada is extremely low.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk of introduction of equine infectious anemia virus into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada

et al. 2012

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“…It has been discussed about the possibility of transmission of these agents by embryo transfer (1,2,3). Yet, there are no data about papillomaviruses detection in tissues of bovine female reproductive tract and gametes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine papillomavirus type 2 in reproductive tract and gametes of slaughtered bovine females

Carvalho

Freitas

Brunner

et al. 2003

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Papillomaviruses are described selectively infecting epithelial tissues and are associated with many forms of cancer in different species. Considering the widespread dissemination of papillomatosis in livestock, interest is being centred on possible forms of viral transmission and respective mechanisms. In the present study, we report the detection of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA sequences in female reproductive tract tissues, fluids and oocytes from slaughtered bovines not afflicted by cutaneous papillomatosis. BPV-2 DNA sequences were found in ovarian and uterine tissues as well as in oocytes, cumulus cells and uterine flushings. The presence of papillomavirus sequences in reproductive organ tissues and fluids shows that viral infection in organisms can be verified in others tissues, not only in epithelial ones. The present findings alert to the possibility of BPV transmission in embryo transfer programs and assisted fertilization procedures.

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“…The aim of MOET programs in the cattle industry is the production of calves from cattle of high genetic merit (Merton et al, 2003). In vivo production of embryos by superovulation also offers a safe (e.g., prevention of disease transmission) and economic (e.g., complete herds transported as frozen embryos) way of trading genetic material through cryopreservation (Le Tallec et al, 2001). However the variability in the embryo production of donors and low pregnancy rates (Peterson & Lee, 2003) after transfer are limiting factors affecting MOET programs.…”

Section: Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite financial concerns, mass production of in vitro embryos has been carried out in some countries (e.g., Japan and Italy) for the commercial production of calves for beef production (Galli & Lazzari, 1996Hamano et al, 2006). Although the transmission of infection to recipients or offspring has not been demonstrated with in vitro embryos, the sanitary risk for IVPE is less conclusive than for in vivo embryos and generation of data is required (Le Tallec et al, 2001;Hansen, 2006). In vitro production of embryos consists of three steps: oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM), IVF, and embryo culture.…”

Section: In Vitro Production Of Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Cattle: Applications in Livestock Production, Biomedical Research and Conservation Biology</b>

Velazquez

2008

Annu Rev Biomed Sci

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Velazquez MA. Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Cattle: Applications in Livestock Production, Biomedical Research and Conservation Biology. ARBS Annu Rev Biomed Sci 2008;10:36-62. In cattle, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) can be defined as techniques that manipulate reproductive-related events and/or structures to achieve pregnancy with the final goal of producing healthy offspring in bovine females. The present review includes manipulation of female reproductive tract physiology, artificial insemination, multiple ovulation and embryo transfer, in vitro production of embryos, in vitro assisted fertilization, cloning, transgenesis, xenografting-germ cell transplantation, preimplantation genetic diagnosis and sperm sexing. This review shows that several ART are being currently applied commercially in the cattle industry with acceptable results. On the other hand, others have low efficiency in producing cattle offspring and are predominantly applied in experimental settings. Several of these ART can cause detrimental effects at the prenatal and postnatal period and therefore they need to be improved. However, even if these bovine-related biotechnologies are properly improved, they might be more useful in the conservation of endangered ungulates, production of pharmaceuticals, or as experimental models for human reproduction.

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Risks of transmissible diseases in relation to embryo transfer

Cited by 15 publications

References 55 publications

The risk of introduction of equine infectious anemia virus into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada

The risk of introduction of equine infectious anemia virus into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada

Bovine papillomavirus type 2 in reproductive tract and gametes of slaughtered bovine females

<b>Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Cattle: Applications in Livestock Production, Biomedical Research and Conservation Biology</b>

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