Risks to children from inhalation of aerosolized aqueous manganese emitted from ultrasonic humidifiers can be greater than for corresponding ingestion

Yao, Wenchuo; Gallagher, Daniel L.; Dietrich, Andrea M.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2021.117760

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…If present in fill‐water, inorganic metals such as Pb will be emitted in the airborne PM, and the inhalation exposure may increase blood Pb in children, causing impaired neurodevelopment in children and even lung cancer 52 . In addition, inhaled Mn may transport through olfactory‐brain barrier, and deposit in the brain, causing neurotoxicity 53 . Inhalation risks may exceed ingestion risk for As, Pb, and Mn when these neurotoxic metals are present in tap water that is consumed daily and also used to fill an ultrasonic humidifier that is used 8‐h per day 54 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 52 In addition, inhaled Mn may transport through olfactory‐brain barrier, and deposit in the brain, causing neurotoxicity. 53 Inhalation risks may exceed ingestion risk for As, Pb, and Mn when these neurotoxic metals are present in tap water that is consumed daily and also used to fill an ultrasonic humidifier that is used 8‐h per day. 54 A study exposed mice to ultrasonic humidifier filled with high silica water, and found silica particles in mouse alveolar tissues, with mitosis dysregulation of genes, cell adhesion molecules, and endocytosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure at the indoor water–air interface: Fill water constituents and the consequent air emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers: A systematic review

2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This systematic review investigates the emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers (e.g., cool mist humidifiers) within indoor air environments, namely soluble and insoluble metals and minerals as well as microorganisms and one organic chemical biocide. Relationships between ultrasonic humidifier fill water quality and the emissions in indoor air are studied, and associated potential adverse health outcomes are discussed. Literature from January 1, 1980, to February 1, 2022, was searched from online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to produce 27 articles. The results revealed clear positive proportional relationships of the concentration of microorganisms and soluble metals/minerals between fill water qualities and emitted airborne particles, for both microbial (n = 9) and inorganic (n = 15) constituents. When evaluating emissions and the consequent health outcomes, ventilation rates of specific exposure scenarios affect the concentrations of emitted particles. Thus, well‐ventilated rooms may alleviate inhalation risks when the fill water in ultrasonic humidifiers contains microorganisms and soluble metals/minerals. Case reports (n = 3) possibly due to the inhalation of particles from ultrasonic humidifier include hypersensitivity pneumonitis in adults and a 6‐month infant; the young infant exhibited nonreversible mild obstructive ventilator defect. In summary, related literature indicated correlation between fill water quality of ultrasonic humidifier and emitted particles in air quality, and inhalation of the emitted particles may cause undesirable health outcomes of impaired respiratory functions in adults and children.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure at the indoor water–air interface: Fill water constituents and the consequent air emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers: A systematic review

2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During humidification, tap water containing mineral ions enters the air in the form of respirable droplets. Calcium and magnesium ions in the droplets react with carbon dioxide in the air, resulting in “white dust,” which may be inhaled into the human body and cause respiratory diseases such as asthma 11–15 . Sain et al evaluated the effect of ultrasonic humidifiers filled with tap water of different hardnesses on indoor air quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calcium and magnesium ions in the droplets react with carbon dioxide in the air, resulting in "white dust," which may be inhaled into the human body and cause respiratory diseases such as asthma. [11][12][13][14][15] Sain et al evaluated the effect of ultrasonic humidifiers filled with tap water of different hardnesses on indoor air quality. The authors measured the size distribution and composition of particles expelled by a 3-L ultrasonic humidifier during an 8-h operation in a typical unventilated room.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor dryness and humidification‐induced arsenic inhalation exposure above 4200 m in Ngari, China

Duan

et al. 2022

Indoor Air

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Ngari Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, with Shiquanhe Town, Gar County, as its administrative center, is an ultrahigh-altitude region, standing at 4273 m above sea level. Its local pressure and air oxygen content are 0.6 atm and ~12.5%, respectively.Native Tibetans in Ngari Prefecture are better acclimatized to the high-altitude low-oxygen environment owing to heredity and gene expression. 1,2 However, the ultrahigh-altitude environment can induce hypobaric hypoxia in newcomers from the plains (such as cadres sent to aid Tibet and garrison troops), which can considerably alter their cardiovascular and respiratory physiology. According to previous studies, high-altitude pulmonary edema is the most important respiratory disease associated with acute (for hours to days) high-altitude exposure. Chronic mountain sickness and high-altitude pulmonary hypertension are maladaptive responses to chronic (for

show abstract

PM2.5 and its respiratory tract depositions on blood pressure, anxiety, depression and health risk assessment: A mechanistic study based on urinary metabolome

Yuan

Miao

Yang

et al. 2023

Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Risks to children from inhalation of aerosolized aqueous manganese emitted from ultrasonic humidifiers can be greater than for corresponding ingestion

Cited by 8 publications

References 60 publications

Exposure at the indoor water–air interface: Fill water constituents and the consequent air emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers: A systematic review

Exposure at the indoor water–air interface: Fill water constituents and the consequent air emissions from ultrasonic humidifiers: A systematic review

Indoor dryness and humidification‐induced arsenic inhalation exposure above 4200 m in Ngari, China

PM2.5 and its respiratory tract depositions on blood pressure, anxiety, depression and health risk assessment: A mechanistic study based on urinary metabolome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About