RNA-Based Therapies for Bone Diseases

Carulli, Christian; Luzi, Ettore; Macera, Armando; Innocenti, Massimo; Brandi, Maria Luisa

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-405544-5.00040-x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Since it is well documented that exosomes like these exist to repair tissue, then certainly some exosomes similar to these must exist to protect bones and joints. Multiple studies have already demonstrated the use of MSCs and miRNAs in bone and cartilage tissue engineering [ 46 – 48 ]. These findings suggest that SC-derived exosomes will one day be able to provide bone repair and regeneration therapy in clinical medicine.…”

Section: Other Current Findings Of Stem Cell-derived Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes: A Potential Alternative Therapeutic Agent in Orthopaedics

Burke

Kolhe

Hunter

et al. 2016

Stem Cells International

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Within the field of regenerative medicine, many have sought to use stem cells as a promising way to heal human tissue; however, in the past few years, exosomes (packaged vesicles released from cells) have shown more exciting promise. Specifically, stem cell-derived exosomes have demonstrated great ability to provide therapeutical benefits. Exosomal products can include miRNA, other genetic products, proteins, and various factors. They are released from cells in a paracrine fashion in order to combat local cellular stress. Because of this, there are vast benefits that medicine can obtain from stem cell-derived exosomes. If exosomes could be extracted from stem cells in an efficient manner and packaged with particular regenerative products, then diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bone fractures, and other maladies could be treated with cell-free regenerative medicine via exosomes. Many advances must be made to get to this point, and the following review highlights the current advances of stem cell-derived exosomes with particular attention to regenerative medicine in orthopaedics.

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Section: Other Current Findings Of Stem Cell-derived Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cell‐Derived Exosomes: A Potential Alternative Therapeutic Agent in Orthopaedics

Burke

Kolhe

Hunter

et al. 2016

Stem Cells International

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“…Due to several cellular and molecular traits like self-renewal, vast differentiation and a variety of ECM protein secretion, MSCs have been proposed to be an important candidate for tissue repair, especially for mass bone restoration. However, several therapeutic findings of MSCs or its precursors-derived exosomes have been reported in the field of orthopaedics [ 121 , 122 , 123 ]. However, debilitating bone disease such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis brought significant attention in clinics to recover patients from inflammation, T-cell activation, and imbalanced bone remodeling, which lead to pain and deterioration of bone mass and joints.…”

Section: Role Of Exosomes As Clinical Therapeutics In Bone Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, in comparison with living cells, nonviable exosomes are more stable, have no risk of aneuploidy and a low possibility of immune rejection following in vivo administration [ 75 ]. Multiple prior studies have reported the use of MSCs and miRNAs in bone repair and remodeling [ 121 - 123 , 130 ]. The above findings suggest that stem cell-derived exosomes will one day be able to provide the best possible clinical medicine in the field of bone repair and remodeling therapy.…”

Section: Therapeutic Advantage Of Exosomes Treatment and Future Direcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: mediators of bone diseases, protection, and therapeutics potential

Behera

Tyagi

2018

Oncoscience

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Bone remodeling is a continuous lifelong process in the repair of micro-damage to bone architecture and replacement of aging tissue in bone. A failure to such process leads to pathological destructive bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. However, this active process is regulated by; osteoclasts, which are involved in the bone resorption process; osteoblasts, with involvement in the bone formation process and bone-derived endothelial cells, which promote angiogenesis. In the bone micro-environment, these cellular interactions are mediated by a complex interplay between cell types via direct interaction of cell secreted growth factors, such as cytokines. Recently, the discovery of exosomes (∼ 40–100 nm in size), has attracted more attention in the field of the bone remodeling process. Exosomes and microvesicles are derived from different types of bone cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and their precursors. They are also recognized to play pivotal roles in bone remodeling processes including osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and angiogenesis. In this review, we especially emphasize the origin and biogenesis of exosomes and bone cell derived exosomes in the regulatory process of bone remodeling. Moreover, this review article also focuses on exosomal secreted proteins and microRNAs and their involvement in the regulation of bone remodeling.

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