RNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in plants can be inherited independently of the RNA trigger and requires Met1 for maintenance

Jones, Louise; Ratcliff, Frank; Baulcombe, David C.

doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00226-3

Cited by 331 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In this case, silencing occurred at the transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) level and correlated with de novo methylation of promoter sequences [44]. Unlike the response of PTGS to dsRNA in plants, TGS is heritable [45], and evidence is only now beginning to accumulate suggesting that TGS and PTGS are biochemically related silencing pathways.…”

Section: Dsrna and Heterochromatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

Denli

Hannon

2003

Trends in Biochemical Sciences

270

167

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Section: Dsrna and Heterochromatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

Denli

Hannon

2003

Trends in Biochemical Sciences

270

167

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“…Subsequenly, it was shown that this de novo methylation activity required formation of dsRNA and of processed siRNA [76]. siRNAs direct DNA methyltransferases (MET1, CMT3), histone methyltransferases (DDM1, Kryptonite) and histone deacetylases onto targets promoter regions and induce transcriptional gene silencing in plants [77,78]. Although not all the components of the RNAdependent DNA methylation machinery have been identified, it seems that a similar process exists in mammalian cells.…”

Section: Putative Regulatory Role Of the Rnai Pat Hways In T H E E Pimentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and reversibility of heterochromatic gene silencing in human disease

et al. 2005

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In eukaryotic organisms cellular fate and tissue specific gene expression are regulated by the activity of proteins known as transcription factors that by interacting with specific DNA sequences direct the activation or repression of target genes. The post genomic era has shown that transcription factors are not the unique key regulators of gene expression. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histone proteins, remodeling of nucleosomes and expression of small regulatory RNAs also contribute to regulation of gene expression, determination of cell and tissue specificity and assurance of inheritance of gene expression levels. The relevant contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to a proper cellular function is highlighted by the effects of their deregulation that cooperate with genetic alterations to the development of various diseases and to the establishment and progression of tumors.

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“…It is now known that when a silencing locus produces dsRNAs corresponding to transcribed sequences of a target locus, HDGS occurs by PTGS (Waterhouse et al 1998;Chuang and Meyerowitz 2000), which is similar to RNAi in animals (Fire et al 1998). In contrast, when a silencing locus produces dsRNAs corresponding to promoter sequences of the target locus, HDGS occurs by TGS (Mette et al 1999(Mette et al , 2000Jones et al 2001;Sijen et al 2001). In plants, both dsRNAinduced TGS and PTGS result in methylation of homologous sequences at the target locus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single transgene locus triggers both transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing through double-stranded RNA production

Mourrain

Blokland

Kooter

et al. 2006

Planta

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Silencing of a target locus by an unlinked silencing locus can result from transcription inhibition (transcriptional gene silencing; TGS) or mRNA degradation (post-transcriptional gene silencing; PTGS), owing to the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) corresponding to promoter or transcribed sequences, respectively. The involvement of distinct cellular components in each process suggests that dsRNA-induced TGS and PTGS likely result from the diversiWcation of an ancient common mechanism. However, a strict comparison of TGS and PTGS has been diYcult to achieve because it generally relies on the analysis of distinct silencing loci. We describe a single transgene locus that triggers both TGS and PTGS, owing to the production of dsRNA corresponding to promoter and transcribed sequences of diVerent target genes. We describe mutants and epigenetic variants derived from this locus and propose a model for the production of dsRNA. Also, we show that PTGS, but not TGS, is graft-transmissible, which together with the sensitivity of PTGS, but not TGS, to RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm, suggest that the nuclear compartmentalization of TGS is responsible for cell-autonomy. In contrast, we contribute local and systemic traYcking of silencing signals and sensitivity to viruses to the cytoplasmic steps of PTGS and to ampliWcation steps that require high levels of target mRNAs.

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RNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in plants can be inherited independently of the RNA trigger and requires Met1 for maintenance

Abstract: RNA-triggered events can lead to heritable changes in gene expression, and it is possible that initiation of other epigenetic phenomena such as trans-silencing and paramutation may have an RNA component.

Cited by 331 publications

References 58 publications

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

RNAi: an ever-growing puzzle

Dynamic and reversibility of heterochromatic gene silencing in human disease

A single transgene locus triggers both transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing through double-stranded RNA production

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