RNA m6A Modifications and Cancer

Abstract

Epitranscriptomic modifications of RNA, particularly N6methyladenosine (m6A), have emerged as pivotal players in cancer biology. RNA m6A modifications dynamically regulate gene expression, influencing various aspects of RNA processing, stability, and translation. In the context of cancer, dysregulation of RNA m6A modification has been implicated in tumorigenesis, metastasis, therapy resistance, and the tumor micro environment. This review provides an indepth exploration of the intricate relationship between RNA m6A modifications and cancer. It comprehensively outlines the enzymatic machinery responsible for m6A deposition, removal, and recognition, emphasizing how alterations in these processes contribute to oncogenesis. Global profiling techniques have revealed specific m6A patterns in various cancer types, shedding light on potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Functional insights into RNA m6A modifications underscore their impact on RNA metabolism and gene expression, influencing key oncogenic signaling pathways. Moreover, the clinical relevance of RNA m6A modifications in cancer is discussed, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for personalized medicine. This review also delves into the emerging role of RNA m6A modifications in cancer stem cells, tumor microenvironment interactions, and their crosstalk with other epigenetic marks, providing a holistic view of their contributions to cancer pathobiology. Furthermore, it discusses ongoing research, technological advancements, and future prospects in this rapidly evolving field.In summary, this comprehensive review illuminates the multifaceted landscape of RNA m6A modifications in cancer, offering valuable insights into their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. Understanding the complex interplay between RNA m6A modifications and cancer biology is essential for harnessing their potential for precision oncology and novel therapeutic interventions.