RNA polymerase II associated proteins regulate stomatal development through direct interaction with stomatal transcription factors in Arabidopsis thaliana
Abstract:Summary
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) associated proteins (RPAPs) have been ascribed diverse functions at the cellular level; however, their roles in developmental processes in yeasts, animals and plants are very poorly understood.
Through screening for interactors of NRPB3, which encodes the third largest subunit of Pol II, we identified RIMA, the orthologue of mammalian RPAP2. A combination of genetic and biochemical assays revealed the role of RIMA and other RPAPs in stomatal development in Arabidopsis thali… Show more
“…In this work, Chen et al . (2021) took advantage of the robust and stereotypic development of the stomatal lineage to investigate the developmental functions of the plant RPAPs. The stomatal lineage starts with the meristemoid mother cells (MMCs), which are derived from protodermal cells on the epidermis (Fig.…”
Section: Gene Name Agi Code Human Homolog Known Function(s) In Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this issue of New Phytologist , Chen et al . (2021; pp. 171–189) demonstrate that the Arabidopsis homolog of RPAP2, RPAP2 IYO MATE (RIMA), mediates the nuclear import of the Pol II complex, interacts with the stomatal lineage‐specific transcription factors and is essential for restraining division and establishing cell identity in the stomatal lineage, providing insights into these evolutionarily conserved proteins.‘Direct interaction between the RPAP complex and lineage‐specific transcription factors provides a novel mechanism for the Pol II complex to be integrated into specific gene expression programs during development.’…”
Section: Gene Name Agi Code Human Homolog Known Function(s) In Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A striking finding from Chen et al . (2021) is that RIMA and QQT1 could physically interact with the stomatal transcription factors SPCH, MUTE, FAMA and SCRMs. Further, at least in a transient interaction assay in Nicotiana benthamiana , these stomatal transcription factors were able to retain the RIMA–QQT1 complex in the nucleus.…”
Section: Gene Name Agi Code Human Homolog Known Function(s) In Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, it would be interesting to investigate the role of RBR in the mutants of RPAPs and further explore whether SPCH and the early stomatal precursor cells do behave differently in terms of the transcriptional machinery involved and/or the level of transcriptional activity required. Chen et al (2021) shed light on the function of the RIMA-QQT1-IYO complex in a developmental context. Direct interaction between the RPAP complex and lineage-specific transcription factors provides a novel mechanism for the Pol II complex to be integrated into specific gene expression programs during development.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yet, genetic analyses indicated that meristemoids can still be correctly specified in the rpap mutants and the population of the stomatal precursors was unexpectedly expanded. The biological significance of this biochemical and genetic interaction between RPAPs and SPCH is not clear at this moment, although the RPAPs may influence SPCH levels indirectly through regulating RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED (RBR), as suggested by Chen et al (2021). Thus, it would be interesting to investigate the role of RBR in the mutants of RPAPs and further explore whether SPCH and the early stomatal precursor cells do behave differently in terms of the transcriptional machinery involved and/or the level of transcriptional activity required.…”
Dissecting the developmental roles of Pol II-associated proteins through the stomatal pores In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II (Pol II, RNAP II or RPB) is the RNA polymerase that transcribes DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription initiation, the multi-subunit Pol II complex and general transcription factors (GTFs) are recruited to the core promoter to form a pre-initiation complex (PIC) before driving transcription (Carrera & Treisman, 2008). Recent studies in yeast and mammals have identified additional protein factors associated with Pol II, including four RNA polymerase IIassociated proteins (RPAP1, RPAP2, RPAP3 and RPAP4) (Jeronimo et al., 2004). These RPAPs play vital roles in the assembly, nuclear import and function of Pol II (Wild & Cramer, 2012). In the model plant Arabidopsis, homologs of these RPAPs are also present and their cellular and developmental roles in plants are beginning to be revealed (Table 1). Similar to their animal counterparts, these plant RPAPs share multiple interactions with each other and are essential in the assembly of Pol II, Pol IV, and Pol V (Muñoz et al., 2017; Li et al., 2018). In addition, the plant RPAPs are involved in diverse developmental processes, particularly in promoting cell differentiation (Lahmy et al., 2007; Sanmart ın et al., 2011; Sotta et al., 2016). In this issue of New Phytologist, Chen et al. (2021; pp. 171-189) demonstrate that the Arabidopsis homolog of RPAP2, RPAP2 IYO MATE (RIMA), mediates the nuclear import of the Pol II complex, interacts with the stomatal lineage-specific transcription factors and is essential for restraining division and establishing cell identity in the stomatal lineage, providing insights into these evolutionarily conserved proteins.
“…In this work, Chen et al . (2021) took advantage of the robust and stereotypic development of the stomatal lineage to investigate the developmental functions of the plant RPAPs. The stomatal lineage starts with the meristemoid mother cells (MMCs), which are derived from protodermal cells on the epidermis (Fig.…”
Section: Gene Name Agi Code Human Homolog Known Function(s) In Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this issue of New Phytologist , Chen et al . (2021; pp. 171–189) demonstrate that the Arabidopsis homolog of RPAP2, RPAP2 IYO MATE (RIMA), mediates the nuclear import of the Pol II complex, interacts with the stomatal lineage‐specific transcription factors and is essential for restraining division and establishing cell identity in the stomatal lineage, providing insights into these evolutionarily conserved proteins.‘Direct interaction between the RPAP complex and lineage‐specific transcription factors provides a novel mechanism for the Pol II complex to be integrated into specific gene expression programs during development.’…”
Section: Gene Name Agi Code Human Homolog Known Function(s) In Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A striking finding from Chen et al . (2021) is that RIMA and QQT1 could physically interact with the stomatal transcription factors SPCH, MUTE, FAMA and SCRMs. Further, at least in a transient interaction assay in Nicotiana benthamiana , these stomatal transcription factors were able to retain the RIMA–QQT1 complex in the nucleus.…”
Section: Gene Name Agi Code Human Homolog Known Function(s) In Plantsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, it would be interesting to investigate the role of RBR in the mutants of RPAPs and further explore whether SPCH and the early stomatal precursor cells do behave differently in terms of the transcriptional machinery involved and/or the level of transcriptional activity required. Chen et al (2021) shed light on the function of the RIMA-QQT1-IYO complex in a developmental context. Direct interaction between the RPAP complex and lineage-specific transcription factors provides a novel mechanism for the Pol II complex to be integrated into specific gene expression programs during development.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yet, genetic analyses indicated that meristemoids can still be correctly specified in the rpap mutants and the population of the stomatal precursors was unexpectedly expanded. The biological significance of this biochemical and genetic interaction between RPAPs and SPCH is not clear at this moment, although the RPAPs may influence SPCH levels indirectly through regulating RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED (RBR), as suggested by Chen et al (2021). Thus, it would be interesting to investigate the role of RBR in the mutants of RPAPs and further explore whether SPCH and the early stomatal precursor cells do behave differently in terms of the transcriptional machinery involved and/or the level of transcriptional activity required.…”
Dissecting the developmental roles of Pol II-associated proteins through the stomatal pores In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II (Pol II, RNAP II or RPB) is the RNA polymerase that transcribes DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription initiation, the multi-subunit Pol II complex and general transcription factors (GTFs) are recruited to the core promoter to form a pre-initiation complex (PIC) before driving transcription (Carrera & Treisman, 2008). Recent studies in yeast and mammals have identified additional protein factors associated with Pol II, including four RNA polymerase IIassociated proteins (RPAP1, RPAP2, RPAP3 and RPAP4) (Jeronimo et al., 2004). These RPAPs play vital roles in the assembly, nuclear import and function of Pol II (Wild & Cramer, 2012). In the model plant Arabidopsis, homologs of these RPAPs are also present and their cellular and developmental roles in plants are beginning to be revealed (Table 1). Similar to their animal counterparts, these plant RPAPs share multiple interactions with each other and are essential in the assembly of Pol II, Pol IV, and Pol V (Muñoz et al., 2017; Li et al., 2018). In addition, the plant RPAPs are involved in diverse developmental processes, particularly in promoting cell differentiation (Lahmy et al., 2007; Sanmart ın et al., 2011; Sotta et al., 2016). In this issue of New Phytologist, Chen et al. (2021; pp. 171-189) demonstrate that the Arabidopsis homolog of RPAP2, RPAP2 IYO MATE (RIMA), mediates the nuclear import of the Pol II complex, interacts with the stomatal lineage-specific transcription factors and is essential for restraining division and establishing cell identity in the stomatal lineage, providing insights into these evolutionarily conserved proteins.
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