RNA uridylation and decay in plants

In eukaryotes, almost all RNA species are processed at their 3′ ends and most mRNAs are polyadenylated in the nucleus by canonical poly(A) polymerases. In recent years, several terminal nucleotidyl transferases (TENTs) including non-canonical poly(A) polymerases (ncPAPs) and terminal uridyl transferases (TUTases) have been discovered. In contrast to canonical polymerases, TENTs' functions are more diverse; some, especially TUTases, induce RNA decay while others, such as cytoplasmic ncPAPs, activate translationally dormant deadenylated mRNAs. The mammalian genome encodes 11 different TENTs. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the functions and mechanisms of action of these enzymes.This article is part of the theme issue ‘5′ and 3′ modifications controlling RNA degradation’.

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“…See also reviews in this issue by Zigackova and Vanacova [ 117 ] and De Almeida et al . [ 118 ] on uridylation in other organisms.…”

Section: Tutases and Uridylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminal nucleotidyl transferases (TENTs) in mammalian RNA metabolism

Warkocki

Liudkovska

Gewartowska

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…They belong to a group of terminal nucleotidyltrasferases (TENT), sometimes also referred to as non-canonical poly(A)-polymerases (ncPAPs). For a detailed review of the biology, biochemistry and terminology of TUTases and ncPAPs, see articles by de Almeida et al [8] and Warkocki et al [9]. The 3 0 terminal non-templated oligo(U) extensions have been detected in diverse eukaryotes in a wide range of transcripts produced by all three nuclear RNA polymerases, respectively (summarized in table 1).…”

Section: Recognition Of Rna Uridylation As An Essential Posttranscripmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This also serves to relieve and recycle the RISC complex [73]. For further details on RNA uridylation in plants, see article by De Almeida et al [8].…”

Section: (I) Uridylation-mediated Decay Of Risc-cleaved Mrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of 3′ end uridylation in RNA metabolism and cellular physiology

Zigáčková¹,

Vaňáčová²

2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 11 to a theme issue '5 0 and 3 0 modifications controlling RNA degradation'.Most eukaryotic RNAs are posttranscriptionally modified. The majority of modifications promote RNA maturation, others may regulate function and stability. The 3 0 terminal non-templated oligouridylation is a widespread modification affecting many cellular RNAs at some stage of their life cycle. It has diverse roles in RNA metabolism. The most prevalent is the regulation of stability and quality control. On the cellular and organismal level, it plays a critical role in a number of pathways, such as cell cycle regulation, cell death, development or viral infection. Defects in uridylation have been linked to several diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of the 3 0 terminal oligo(U)-tailing in biology of various RNAs in eukaryotes and describes key factors involved in these pathways.This article is part of the theme issue '5 0 and 3 0 modifications controlling RNA degradation'.

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“…De Almeida, Scheer et al [46] focus on RNA uridylation in plants. The uridylation of various RNA substrates has been investigated in plants, from small RNAs and other noncoding RNAs, to mRNAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5′ and 3′ modifications controlling RNA degradation: from safeguards to executioners

Gagliardi

Dziembowski

2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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RNA degradation is a key process in the regulation of gene expression. In all organisms, RNA degradation participates in controlling coding and non-coding RNA levels in response to developmental and environmental cues. RNA degradation is also crucial for the elimination of defective RNAs. Those defective RNAs are mostly produced by ‘mistakes’ made by the RNA processing machinery during the maturation of functional transcripts from their precursors. The constant control of RNA quality prevents potential deleterious effects caused by the accumulation of aberrant non-coding transcripts or by the translation of defective messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms are also under the constant threat of attacks from pathogens, mostly viruses, and one common line of defence involves the ribonucleolytic digestion of the invader's RNA. Finally, mutations in components involved in RNA degradation are associated with numerous diseases in humans, and this together with the multiplicity of its roles illustrates the biological importance of RNA degradation. RNA degradation is mostly viewed as a default pathway: any functional RNA (including a successful pathogenic RNA) must be protected from the scavenging RNA degradation machinery. Yet, this protection must be temporary, and it will be overcome at one point because the ultimate fate of any cellular RNA is to be eliminated. This special issue focuses on modifications deposited at the 5′ or the 3′ extremities of RNA, and how these modifications control RNA stability or degradation. This article is part of the theme issue ‘5′ and 3′ modifications controlling RNA degradation’.

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RNA uridylation and decay in plants

Cited by 17 publications

References 88 publications

Terminal nucleotidyl transferases (TENTs) in mammalian RNA metabolism

Terminal nucleotidyl transferases (TENTs) in mammalian RNA metabolism

The role of 3′ end uridylation in RNA metabolism and cellular physiology

5′ and 3′ modifications controlling RNA degradation: from safeguards to executioners

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