RNAi of the circadian clock gene<i>period</i>disrupts the circadian rhythm but not the circatidal rhythm in the mangrove cricket

Takekata, Hiroki; Matsuura, Yu; Goto, Shin G.; Satoh, Ayumi; Numata, Hideharu

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2012.0079

Cited by 62 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Unfortunately, it was not possible to test its effect on activity modulation because the act of injection compromised the rhythm. A recent study of the mangrove cricket has also sought to examine whether knockdown of period by dsRNAi disrupts tidal and circadian rhythms of locomotion [35]. These insects show locomotor cycles, which have a tidal periodicity and an amplitude modulation of the tidal behavioral episodes, much like Eurydice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These insects show locomotor cycles, which have a tidal periodicity and an amplitude modulation of the tidal behavioral episodes, much like Eurydice. The authors have suggested that knockdown of period gene expression disrupts the modulation of locomotor rhythms but not the tidal periodicity, and they concluded that the circadian clock does not underlie the tidal clock [35]. However, scrutiny of the data presented suggests that period knockdown impacts negatively on both the putative circadian and tidal components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissociation of Circadian and Circatidal Timekeeping in the Marine Crustacean Eurydice pulchra

et al. 2013

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SummaryBackgroundTidal (12.4 hr) cycles of behavior and physiology adapt intertidal organisms to temporally complex coastal environments, yet their underlying mechanism is unknown. However, the very existence of an independent “circatidal” clock has been disputed, and it has been argued that tidal rhythms arise as a submultiple of a circadian clock, operating in dual oscillators whose outputs are held in antiphase i.e., ∼12.4 hr apart.ResultsWe demonstrate that the intertidal crustacean Eurydice pulchra (Leach) exhibits robust tidal cycles of swimming in parallel to circadian (24 hr) rhythms in behavioral, physiological and molecular phenotypes. Importantly, ∼12.4 hr cycles of swimming are sustained in constant conditions, they can be entrained by suitable stimuli, and they are temperature compensated, thereby meeting the three criteria that define a biological clock. Unexpectedly, tidal rhythms (like circadian rhythms) are sensitive to pharmacological inhibition of Casein kinase 1, suggesting the possibility of shared clock substrates. However, cloning the canonical circadian genes of E. pulchra to provide molecular markers of circadian timing and also reagents to disrupt it by RNAi revealed that environmental and molecular manipulations that confound circadian timing do not affect tidal timing. Thus, competent circadian timing is neither an inevitable nor necessary element of tidal timekeeping.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that tidal rhythms are driven by a dedicated circatidal pacemaker that is distinct from the circadian system of E. pulchra, thereby resolving a long-standing debate regarding the nature of the circatidal mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation of Circadian and Circatidal Timekeeping in the Marine Crustacean Eurydice pulchra

et al. 2013

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“…To match the rise and fall of the tide, many inhabitants exhibit circatidal biological rhythms, which allow organisms to anticipate and respond accordingly to predictable daily changes in tidal height (Tessmar-Raible et al, 2011;Wilcockson and Zhang, 2008). There is increasing evidence that these rhythms are driven by an endogenous time-keeping circatidal clock because they persist even when tidal cues are removed (Takekata et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2013). The most thoroughly characterized circatidal rhythms are behavioral and many intertidal inhabitants will exhibit periods of foraging activity that are coordinated with the tidal cycle (reviewed in Palmer, 1973Palmer, , 1975 and with changes in tidal height (Stillman and Barnwell, 2004).…”

Section: Biological Rhythms In An Intertidal Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmentally tuned transcriptomes ofMytilusmussels

Lockwood

Connor

Gracey

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Transcriptomics is a powerful tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underlie the ability of organisms to survive and thrive in dynamic and changing environments. Here, we review the major contributions in this field, and we focus on studies of mussels in the genus Mytilus, which are well-established models for the study of ecological physiology in fluctuating environments. Our review is organized into four main sections. First, we illustrate how the abiotic forces of the intertidal environment drive the rhythmic coupling of gene expression to diel and tidal cycles in Mytilus californianus. Second, we discuss the challenges and pitfalls of conducting transcriptomic studies in field-acclimatized animals. Third, we examine the link between transcriptomic responses to environmental stress and biogeographic distributions in blue mussels, Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus galloprovincialis. Fourth, we present a comparison of transcriptomic datasets and identify 175 genes that share common responses to heat stress across Mytilus species. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that transcriptomics can provide an informative snapshot of the physiological state of an organism within an environmental context. In a comparative framework, transcriptomics can reveal how natural selection has shaped patterns of transcriptional regulation that may ultimately influence biogeography.

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“…The circatidal rhythm generates active and inactive phases, and the circadian rhythm modifies the circatidal rhythm by inhibiting activity during the subjective day (Satoh et al, 2008). Although the results of period knocking down suggest the circatidal rhythm is considered to be generated by a molecular mechanism different from that of the circadian rhythm, the neural components of the 2 rhythms are still unknown (Takekata et al, 2012). The circadian modulation, however, entrains to light-dark cycles.…”

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The Circatidal Rhythm Persists without the Optic Lobe in the Mangrove Cricket Apteronemobius asahinai

2014

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Whether the circatidal rhythm is generated by a machinery common to the circadian clock is one of the important and interesting questions in chronobiology. The mangrove cricket Apteronemobius asahinai shows a circatidal rhythm generating active and inactive phases and a circadian rhythm modifying the circatidal rhythm by inhibiting activity during the subjective day simultaneously. In the previous study, RNA interference of the circadian clock gene period disrupted the circadian rhythm but not the circatidal rhythm, suggesting a difference in molecular mechanisms between the circatidal and circadian rhythms. In the present study, to compare the neural mechanisms of these 2 rhythms, we observed locomotor activity in the mangrove cricket after surgical removal of the optic lobe, which has been shown to be the locus of the circadian clock in other crickets. We also noted the pigment-dispersing factor immunoreactive neurons (PDF-IRNs) in the optic lobe, because PDF is a key output molecule in the circadian clock system in some insects. The results showed that the circadian modulation was disrupted after the removal of the optic lobes but that the circatidal rhythm was maintained with no remarkable changes in its free-running period. Even in crickets in which some PDF-immunoreactive somata remained after removal of the optic lobe, the circadian rhythm was completely disrupted. The remnants of PDF-IRNs were not correlated to the occurrence and free-running period of the circatidal rhythm. These results indicate that the principal circatidal clock is located in a region(s) different from the optic lobe, whereas the circadian clock is located in the optic lobe, as in other crickets, and PDF-IRNs are not important for circatidal rhythm. Therefore, it is suggested that the circatidal rhythm of A. asahinai is driven by a neural basis different from that driving the circadian rhythm.

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RNAi of the circadian clock geneperioddisrupts the circadian rhythm but not the circatidal rhythm in the mangrove cricket

Cited by 62 publications

References 19 publications

Dissociation of Circadian and Circatidal Timekeeping in the Marine Crustacean Eurydice pulchra

Dissociation of Circadian and Circatidal Timekeeping in the Marine Crustacean Eurydice pulchra

The environmentally tuned transcriptomes ofMytilusmussels

The Circatidal Rhythm Persists without the Optic Lobe in the Mangrove Cricket Apteronemobius asahinai

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