RNase H1, the Gold Standard for R-Loop Detection

Cerritelli, Susana M.; Sakhuja, Kiran; Crouch, Robert J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-2477-7_7

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…We found that N protein induced R-loop accumulation (Fig. 2h); overexpression of RNase H1—an endoribonuclease that degrades the RNA portion of R-loop 43 —partially alleviated this effect and decreased DNA damage accumulation (Fig. 2f, g, i and Extended Data Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

SARS-CoV-2 N protein-induced Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 downregulation causes pneumonia

Luo,

Zhou,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Age is a major risk factor for coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated severe pneumonia and mortality; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we investigated whether age-related deregulation of RNAi components and RNA splicing factors affects COVID-19 severity. Decreased expression of RNAi components (Dicer and XPO5) and splicing factors (SRSF3 and hnRNPA3) correlated with increased severity of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein-induced pneumonia. N protein induced autophagic degradation of Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3, repressing miRNA biogenesis and RNA splicing and inducing DNA damage, proteotoxic stress, and pneumonia. Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 were downregulated with age in mouse lung tissues. Older mice experienced more severe N protein-induced pneumonia than younger mice. However, treatment with a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PJ34) or aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole) relieved N protein-induced pneumonia by restoring Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 expression. These findings will aid in developing improved treatments for SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

SARS-CoV-2 N protein-induced Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 downregulation causes pneumonia

Luo,

Zhou,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…2 C and E). Additionally, overexpressing GFP-RNase H1, which specifically degrades DNA-RNA hybrids ( Cerritelli et al., 2009 , 2022 ; Stein et al., 1969 ), abolished the accumulation of the S9.6 signal induced by LUC7L3 depletion ( Fig. 2 D and E).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

LUC7L3 is a downstream factor of SRSF1 and prevents genomic instability

Zhang,

Guo,

Shi

et al. 2024

Cell Insight

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“…Factors regulating R-loops ( Figure 2 A) include RNase H, which degrades the annealed RNA transcript in R-loops, thereby resolving these structures. RNA-DNA mismatches prevent RNAse H1-dependent R-loop resolution [ 17 ], and inactive RNAse H can be used to map R-loops [ 18 ]. In addition to specific degradation of the RNA strand, the helicase Senataxin (SETX) unwinds R-loops and enables subsequent cleavage [ 19 ].…”

Section: R-loops—physiological Appearance and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

R-Loops and R-Loop-Binding Proteins in Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance

Elsakrmy

Cui

2023

IJMS

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R-loops are three-stranded DNA/RNA hybrids that form by the annealing of the mRNA transcript to its coding template while displacing the non-coding strand. While R-loop formation regulates physiological genomic and mitochondrial transcription and DNA damage response, imbalanced R-loop formation can be a threat to the genomic integrity of the cell. As such, R-loop formation is a double-edged sword in cancer progression, and perturbed R-loop homeostasis is observed across various malignancies. Here, we discuss the interplay between R-loops and tumor suppressors and oncogenes, with a focus on BRCA1/2 and ATR. R-loop imbalances contribute to cancer propagation and the development of chemotherapy drug resistance. We explore how R-loop formation can cause cancer cell death in response to chemotherapeutics and be used to circumvent drug resistance. As R-loop formation is tightly linked to mRNA transcription, their formation is unavoidable in cancer cells and can thus be explored in novel cancer therapeutics.

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RNase H1, the Gold Standard for R-Loop Detection

Cited by 23 publications

References 104 publications

SARS-CoV-2 N protein-induced Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 downregulation causes pneumonia

SARS-CoV-2 N protein-induced Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3 downregulation causes pneumonia

LUC7L3 is a downstream factor of SRSF1 and prevents genomic instability

R-Loops and R-Loop-Binding Proteins in Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance

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