A series of potent antimicrobial agents have been prepared. These derivatives are cephalosporins carrying a pyridine ring substituted with a heterocycle in the C-3 position. Some of them showed excellent activity not only against Gram-negative organisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa but also against Gram-positive ones. In view of their biological (1, CTX), cefmenoxime2) (2, CMX), ceftizoxime3) (3, CZX) and ceftriaxone4) (4, CTRX). However their activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa is relatively weak. On the other hand, cefsulodin5) (5, CFS) and ceftazidime6) (6, CAZ) which are reported to be effective against pseudomonal infections bear a 1-pyridinium group at the C-3 position. These observations prompted the authors to prepare a new series of cephalosporins with 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido and 1-pyridinium groups at the C-7 and C-3 positions, respectively.In this report, we describe the synthesis, physico-chemical properties and antimicrobial activities of cephalosporins with 5-membered heterocyclic rings such as imidazole, oxazole and pyrazole etc, in the pyridinium group (8a~8j), as shown in Scheme 1.
ChemistryPyridine derivatives each substituted with a 5-membered heterocyclic ring (7a~7j) were prepared according to the literature7~13). The desired compounds (8a~8j) were prepared by reacting the above pyridine derivatives with 7/3-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-acetoxymethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid or its salt (1) in the presence of Nal. In the reaction of 7b with 1, besides the desired compound (8b), its isomer (9) was obtained.Sometypical compoundswere crystallized from aqueous sulfuric acid solution to give crystals of their sulfate salts, all of which, except the crystals of 8i, were found to have good stability, as shown inTable2.
Biological Results and DiscussionThe minimuminhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the prepared cephalosporins (8a~8j) are given inTable1.