Road fugitive dust emission characteristics in Beijing during Olympics Game 2008 in Beijing, China

Fan, Saijun; Tian, Gang; Li, Gang; Yu-hu, Huang; Qin, Jian-Ping; Cheng, Shuiyuan

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.08.028

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…More stringent control measures, including decreased coal combustion, were implemented during the Olympic Games ( Zhang XY et al 2009 ). It has been estimated that the traffic volume of typical roads in Beijing was reduced by approximately 32% during the source control period ( Shou-bin et al 2009 ; Wang and Xie 2009 ; Wang et al 2010 ). Emissions from the power plants, coal-fired boilers, and several heavy-polluting factories in Beijing were reduced by 30–50% during the Olympic Games ( Wang et al 2010 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimated Reduction in Cancer Risk due to PAH Exposures If Source Control Measures during the 2008 Beijing Olympics Were Sustained

Jia

Stone

Wang

et al. 2011

Environ Health Perspect

136

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BackgroundThe 2008 Beijing Olympic Games provided a unique case study to investigate the effect of source control measures on the reduction in air pollution, and associated inhalation cancer risk, in a Chinese megacity.ObjectivesWe measured 17 carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and estimated the lifetime excess inhalation cancer risk during different periods of the Beijing Olympic Games, to assess the effectiveness of source control measures in reducing PAH-induced inhalation cancer risks.MethodsPAH concentrations were measured in samples of particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) collected during the Beijing Olympic Games, and the associated inhalation cancer risks were estimated using a point-estimate approach based on relative potency factors.ResultsWe estimated the number of lifetime excess cancer cases due to exposure to the 17 carcinogenic PAHs [12 priority pollutant PAHs and five high-molecular-weight (302 Da) PAHs (MW 302 PAHs)] to range from 6.5 to 518 per million people for the source control period concentrations and from 12.2 to 964 per million people for the nonsource control period concentrations. This would correspond to a 46% reduction in estimated inhalation cancer risk due to source control measures, if these measures were sustained over time. Benzo[b]fluoranthene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene were the most carcinogenic PAH species evaluated. Total excess inhalation cancer risk would be underestimated by 23% if we did not include the five MW 302 PAHs in the risk calculation.ConclusionsSource control measures, such as those imposed during the 2008 Beijing Olympics, can significantly reduce the inhalation cancer risk associated with PAH exposure in Chinese megacities similar to Beijing. MW 302 PAHs are a significant contributor to the estimated overall inhalation cancer risk.

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confidence: 99%

Estimated Reduction in Cancer Risk due to PAH Exposures If Source Control Measures during the 2008 Beijing Olympics Were Sustained

Jia

Stone

Wang

et al. 2011

Environ Health Perspect

136

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“…Considerable efforts have been made to study the chemical source profiles of PM 10 across China. However, these studies mainly focused on the developed cities in eastern and southern China such as Beijing (Han et al, 2007;Shoubin et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2010), Tianjin Kong et al, 2010), Shanghai (Waheed et al, 2011), Hongkong (Ho et al, 2003) etc. With urbanization and development in western China, air quality in some western Chinese cities is rapidly deteriorating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterizations of PM10 Profiles for Major Emission Sources in Xining, Northwestern China

Han

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The chemical profiles of emission sources are indispensable for source apportionment using receptor models. To develop current knowledge of PM 10 profiles, the chemical composition of major emission sources were analyzed in Xining. Samples of geological sources (soil dust, road dust and construction derived dust) and industrial fly ash were collected from representative portions using a plastic dustpan and brush and sampled on filters through a re-suspension chamber. Samples of coal combustion source and vehicle exhaust were collected directly on the filters using a dilution stack sampler. Chemical analysis included inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for 19 elements (Na, P, K, As, Rb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, La, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, T1, and Pb), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry for 7 elements (Al, Sr, Mg, Ti, Ca, Fe, and Si), ion chromatography for water-soluble ions (Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , F -, Cl -, NO 3 -and SO 4 2-) and thermal/optical reflectance analysis for carbonaceous species. Crustal elements (Si, Al, Ca, Fe) predominated in geological sources, whereas trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Ni) were predominant in industrial fly ash. An abundance of carbon and SO 4 2-was present in coal-combustion source and vehicle exhaust. The coal-combustion boilers were a source of trace elements (Ti, Co, Sr, Sb, Tl). High concentrations of Pb and OC in soil indicated the strong influence of agriculture activities in Xining. Comparison of vehicle exhaust profiles indicated that natural gas was high environmental friendliness in comparison with petroleum products used as motor vehicles fuel. Differences in EC, Cd and NO 3 -between natural gas-powered and gasoline-or diesel-powered vehicle exhaust can be used to differentiate the two types of vehicle emission sources. Differences in source profiles and indicator species between Xining and other cities suggest that source profiles should be developed locally and updated frequently.

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“…Many studies conducted worldwide indicate that the resuspended dust emission constitutes a significant share in the PM10 concentrations in the air near the transport routes [6,8,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Research carried out in the US city of Tucson (Arizona) in the winter showed that the fraction of particulate matter from the fuel combustion in car engines and the share of re-entrained road dust ranged from 4-40 % and 30-50 % of the total PM10 concentration in the air, respectively [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-entrained road dust PM10 emission from selected streets of Krakow and its impact on air quality

Bogacki

Mazur

Oleniacz

et al. 2018

E3S Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Scientific research studies conducted in various parts of the world confirm that PM10 concentrations in urban air depend to a great extent on the resuspension processes of the dust deposited on the road surface. The paper presents the results of the study related to the determination of the re-entrained PM10 emissions from four selected streets of Krakow (Southern Poland) together with the assessment of its impact on air quality. Examined streets are characterised by different traffic intensity (from 500 to over 20 000 vehicles per day) and individual vehicle structure. Dust material sampling and estimation of the PM10 emission were conducted according to the U.S. EPA methodology (AP 42 Fifth Edition). Two variants of sample collection were applied: from the road surface including the area at the curb (4 streets) and from the road surface alone (1 street). The estimates of resuspended road dust emission as well as the reference values derived from the U.S. EPA guidelines were used to assess the impact of this emission on the PM10 levels in the air at the location of one of the analysed streets. This assessment was conducted using the CALINE4 mathematical model. The study showed that the PM10 emissions from the re-entrained road dust can be responsible for up to 25 % in the winter and 50 % in the summer of the total PM10 concentrations in the air near the roads.

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Road fugitive dust emission characteristics in Beijing during Olympics Game 2008 in Beijing, China

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Estimated Reduction in Cancer Risk due to PAH Exposures If Source Control Measures during the 2008 Beijing Olympics Were Sustained

Estimated Reduction in Cancer Risk due to PAH Exposures If Source Control Measures during the 2008 Beijing Olympics Were Sustained

Chemical Characterizations of PM10 Profiles for Major Emission Sources in Xining, Northwestern China

Re-entrained road dust PM10 emission from selected streets of Krakow and its impact on air quality

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