Road Network Robustness for Avoiding Functional Isolation in Disasters

Sakakibara, Hiroyuki; Kajitani, Yoshio; Okada, Norio

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2004)130:5(560)

Cited by 89 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Prior to this time, the major stability concerns with mountain roads focused on road closure, repair costs, and the maintenance needed to retain access (e.g., Bansal and Mathur, 1976;Chassie and Goughnour, 1976;Fleming and Taylor, 1980). Little emphasis has been placed on the impacts of landslides on environmental health and human welfare in developing countries of Asia where secondary mountain road systems are expanding at a rapid pace (Haigh, 1984;Sakakibara et al, 2004;Castella et al, 2005). Within China, the total road length of rural transportation networks increased by 5.5-fold during the 30-year period from 1978 through the end of 2007 (China Road Construction Report, 2008).…”

Section: R C Sidle Et Al: Epic Landslide Erosion From Mountain Roamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epic landslide erosion from mountain roads in Yunnan, China – challenges for sustainable development

Sidle

Ghestem²,

Stokes

2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Expanding systems of mountain roads in developing countries have significantly increased the risk of landslides and sedimentation, and have created vulnerabilities for residents and aquatic resources. We measured landslide erosion along seven road segments in steep terrain in the upper Salween River basin, Yunnan, China and estimated sediment delivery to channels. Landslide erosion rates along the roads ranged from 2780 to 48 235 Mg ha −1 yr −1 , the upper end of this range being the highest rate ever reported along mountain roads. The two roads with the highest landslide erosion (FG1 = 12 966 Mg ha −1 yr −1 ; DXD = 48 235 Mg ha −1 yr −1 ) had some of the highest sediment delivery rates to channels (about 80 and 86 %, respectively). Overall, 3 times more landslides occurred along cut slopes compared to fill slopes, but fill slope failures had a combined mass > 1.3 times that of cut slope failures. Many small landslides occurred along road cuts, but these were often trapped on the road surface. Given the magnitude of the landslide problem and the lack of attention to this issue, a more sustainable approach for mountain road development is outlined based on an analysis of landslide susceptibility and how thresholds for landslide trigger mechanisms would be modified by road location and different construction techniques.

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Section: R C Sidle Et Al: Epic Landslide Erosion From Mountain Roamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epic landslide erosion from mountain roads in Yunnan, China – challenges for sustainable development

Sidle

Ghestem²,

Stokes

2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…What is not apparent are the indirect consequences of flooding as a property or street that is not within or adjacent to a flood risk zone it can suffer some sort of impact become isolated to different degrees: -An island without land access to the surroundings -A peninsula with a single connection which will become a critical route for emergency access -A peripheral area that is more difficult to get to than before -Or this site might become an accessible area playing a more central role than before. It is known that floods have a serious impact on the transport network (Arkell and Darch [10]) and as research on transport network reliability and resilience to disasters demonstrates a disruption to particular nodes of that network can have different degrees of disruption throughout (Sakakibara et al [11]). In the specific case of flooding, the disruption can affect large continuous areas of the urban street network and is such that maps, GIS information and GPS systems become incorrect and useless (Capaccio and Ellis [12]).…”

Section: Considering Street Network Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

From flood risk to indirect flood impact: evaluation of street network performance for effective management, response and repair

Gil

Steinbach

2008

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Current flood risk assessment and decision support tools, the UK Planning Policy Statement 25 and the UK Environment Agency (EA) flood maps, focus on the areas directly affected by flooding; however they do not address the indirect consequences of flooding on the existing street network. Research has been done in transport network reliability and resilience to disasters but little application exists to the floods scenario. In this paper we introduce a methodology developed at Space Syntax Limited to analyse and visualise the wider impact of flooding on the urban street network, measuring its performance in order to respond to the situation more effectively. Starting from a hypothetical scenario of floods in London affecting the areas within the highest risk flood Zone 3 as defined by the EA, we use a spatial model of London up to the M25 circular motorway and run network analysis algorithms before and after the flooding. Using a GIS we quantify the extent to which flooding affects the global structure of the city and the spatial accessibility of town centres. The analysis also provides indicators of traffic level distributions to evaluate the performance of the strategic transport network revealing a dependency on the M25 in the flooded scenario for longer trips across London, suggesting congestion levels beyond its capacity. With this work we demonstrate that space syntax network analysis provides objective indicators to demonstrate the indirect impacts of flooding on urban street networks which can be used by relevant authorities to support a future vision and their investment decisions concerning preventative strategies, disaster management and repair.

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“…The developed network in this research has investigated a dynamic time-dependent transport issue and has repeatedly provided responses at the given time intervals for delivering aids. Sakakibara (2004) [4] studied the flow of goods in road networks during the response to crisis where the roads have been divided into separate components. The author has used topological indices to quantify the capability of accessing roads network.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Location, Allocation and Routing of Temporary Health Centers in Rural Areas in Crisis, Solved by Improved Harmony Search Algorithm

Alinaghian¹,

Goli²

2017

IJCIS

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In this paper, an uncertain integrated model for simultaneously locating temporary health centers in the affected areas, allocating affected areas to these centers, and routing to transport their required good is considered. Health centers can be settled in one of the affected areas or in a place out of them; therefore, the proposed model offers the best relief operation policy when it is possible to supply the goods of affected areas (which are customers of goods) directly or under coverage. Due to that the problem is NP-Hard, to solve the problem in large-scale, a meta-heuristic algorithm based on harmony search algorithm is presented and its performance has been compared with basic harmony search algorithm and neighborhood search algorithm in small and large scale test problems. The results show that the proposed harmony search algorithm has a suitable efficiency.

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Road Network Robustness for Avoiding Functional Isolation in Disasters

Cited by 89 publications

References 6 publications

Epic landslide erosion from mountain roads in Yunnan, China – challenges for sustainable development

Epic landslide erosion from mountain roads in Yunnan, China – challenges for sustainable development

From flood risk to indirect flood impact: evaluation of street network performance for effective management, response and repair

Location, Allocation and Routing of Temporary Health Centers in Rural Areas in Crisis, Solved by Improved Harmony Search Algorithm

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