Road surface influence on electric vehicle noise emission at urban speed

Cesbron, Julien; Bianchetti, Simon; Pallas, Marie‐Agnès; Bellec, Adrien Le; Gary, Vincent; Klein, Philippe

doi:10.1515/noise-2021-0017

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…When comparing the wheel zones of all vehicles, the rear wheel of the Nissan LEAF#1 and the Renault ZOE differentiate by a significantly higher level at most speeds, at least over urban speed range (Figure 5). Then comes the ZOE front wheel, confirming this vehicle as the least quiet one on this road surface among the vehicles tested, in accordance with the CPB results in [3]. Other wheel zones and vehicles are fairly clustered, with moderate spread at urban speed.…”

Section: Constant Speedsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…A first phase of the project investigated the noise emission of a sample of common light electric vehicles driving on a selection of road surfaces available on the reference test track of Université Gustave Eiffel in Nantes (France), with regard to several physical and acoustical road surface properties. Standard Controlled Pass-by (CPB) measurements were used to derive the ranking of EVs vs. road surface [3]. Two versions of a low-noise road surface, optimised from an acoustical and life cycle perspective [4], one distinctive by the addition of crumb rubber, have then been developed and thoroughly assessed [5], before further experimental implementation under real traffic conditions in Florence (Italy).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of electric vehicle noise sources on low-noise road surfaces

et al. 2023

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Electric vehicles (EVs) constitute an increasing share of the vehicle fleet, in particular regarding light vehicles. This ratio may be significantly enhanced in urban areas that favour access to low-emission vehicles. Acknowledged to be quieter than conventional vehicles due to a lower propulsion noise, EVs feature a comparatively heightened tyre-road noise contribution, further reduction of which can be achieved by selecting appropriate low-noise road surfaces. These factors may result in modified noise source distributions on the vehicles. In the framework of the LIFE E-VIA project, noise source contributions have been investigated on several light EVs from different segments on a reference ISO road surface, by using a microphone array with dedicated processing. Wide ranges of speeds and driving conditions were considered. In a second step, particular focus has been placed on the road surfaces, comparing the noise sources of selected EVs either driving on the ISO road surface or on low-noise prototypes optimized for EVs and developed within the project. These are two similar versions of a very thin asphalt concrete 0/6, one containing crumb rubber. The presentation gives an overview of the EV noise source behaviour and their ranking with regard to the various situations tested in the project.

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Section: Constant Speedsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of electric vehicle noise sources on low-noise road surfaces

et al. 2023

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“…Lan et al [ 14 ] developed noise emission models for electric cars and electric buses but only took into account vehicle speed. Cesbron et al [ 43 ] studied the potential influence of the road surface on the noise emission of electric vehicles in urban areas by a pass-by noise measurement. Pallas et al [ 44 ] investigated the noise emission of electric trucks at a constant speed and modeled the power unit noise as a function of the engine or motor speed and the rolling noise as a function of the vehicle speed.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise Emission Models of Electric Vehicles Considering Speed, Acceleration, and Motion State

Lan

Yuan

Shao

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Electric vehicles, known for their low-noise emission, are popular and widespread in metropolises in China, and they provide an opportunity for a reduction in environmental noise from vehicles. To understand the noise from electric vehicles better, this study develops noise emission models considering speed, acceleration, and motion state. The model construction is based on the data collected from a pass-by noise measurement experiment in Guangzhou, China. The models describe a linear relationship between the noise level, the logarithm of speed, and the acceleration for multiple motion states (i.e., the constant-speed state, the acceleration state, and the deceleration state). From the spectrum analysis, the low-frequency noise is barely affected by the speed and acceleration, but the noise at a certain frequency is most sensitive to them. Compared to other models, the proposed ones have the highest accuracy and the greatest ability for extrapolation and generalization.

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“…A holistic optimization has been performed by Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria (UNIRC, Italy) to specify an optimized road surface mix. Based on a comprehensive literature analysis [7], the selection considered acoustic response, expected life, permeability, friction and Expected pass-by Noise level Difference from Texture level variation (ENDT) [8]. Consequently, a very thin asphalt concrete mixture with Nominal Maximum Aggregate of 6 mm (VTAC 0/6) has been selected by UNIRC, with two options according to the use of crumb rubber or not in the mix composition.…”

Section: Design and Construction Of The Prototypementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After assessing current EV noise emission on a set of actual road surfaces [6] and a preliminary study of low-noise road surfaces [7], an optimised prototypal road surface has been designed and implemented on the reference track of Université Gustave Eiffel in Nantes (France). Then, an extensive assessment of its performance, focusing on acoustical and grip properties, has been achieved and it is presented in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life E-VIA: Prototypal Low-Noise Road Surface for the Reduction of Electric Vehicle Rolling Noise in Urban Area

Pallas

Cesbron

Bianchetti

et al. 2022

Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure

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In both the current and foreseen context of significant development of the electric vehicle (EV) fleet, a future increasing ratio of EVs in the urban traffic is expected, still enhanced in low-emission zones involving bans or restricted access to other vehicles. EVs are known to be quieter than conventional vehicles at low speed because of a low motor noise emission, resulting in a higher prevalence of rolling noise in the environmental noise. EVs differ from conventional vehicles in several parameters that can influence tyre/road noise, like weight and torque. The LIFE E-VIA project objectives consist in developing, implementing and assessing a low-noise road surface for light EV traffic in urban conditions, optimised from an acoustical and life cycle perspective. In parallel, an optimisation of EV tyres is investigated. Prior to forthcoming layout in Florence (Italy) for assessment under real traffic conditions, a prototypal road surface has been implemented and evaluated on a test track in Nantes (France). Preliminary tests carried out with different EVs on several road surfaces highlighted the variability of noise emission over vehicle types and pavements, leading to specific ranking. Two prototype versions of a low-noise road surface have been laid out in Nantes, respectively without and with crumb rubber. Both of them have been acoustically assessed with on-board microphones (CPX method) and at roadside (CPB method and microphone array). Constant speed, acceleration and deceleration conditions were considered for pass-by tests. Other acoustical or physical parameters have been measured: acoustic absorption, 3D-texture, mechanical impedance and skid resistance properties (BPN and MPD). In comparison with a reference DAC 0/10 road surface, very usual in France, a roadside noise reduction up to 4 dB(A) was found at steady pass-by speed 50 km/h. Grip values are very high and macrotexture levels moderate. Lastly, mixtures durability is analysed with laboratory tests.

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Road surface influence on electric vehicle noise emission at urban speed

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Investigation of electric vehicle noise sources on low-noise road surfaces

Investigation of electric vehicle noise sources on low-noise road surfaces

Noise Emission Models of Electric Vehicles Considering Speed, Acceleration, and Motion State

Life E-VIA: Prototypal Low-Noise Road Surface for the Reduction of Electric Vehicle Rolling Noise in Urban Area

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