Roasting Followed by Magnetic Separation: A Process for Beneficiation of Titano-Magnetite Ore

Jena, M. S.; Tripathy, H.; Mohanty, J. K.; Das, Surya Kanta; Reddy, P. R.

doi:10.1080/01496395.2014.965834

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[1][2][3] With the continuous depletion of high-grade titanium ores and the increasing demand for titanium dioxide, low-grade beach titanomagnetite (TTM) ironsand has become an important resource. Unfortunately, since beach TTM ironsand is mainly separated by gravity concentration and magnetic separation to recover iron, [4][5][6][7] the titanium resource is often wasted. Therefore, an effective process that can separate titanium and iron from TTM ore must be developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Na2SO4 on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

et al. 2015

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A novel process for separating iron and titanium from Indonesian beach titanomagnetite (TTM) concentrates is proposed. This process involves several steps, including mixing the TTM concentrate and additive, pressing the mixture into pellets, embedding direct reduction of the pellets, and magnetic separation. Given that coal and additives are the main factors influencing the coal-based direct reduction of beach TTM, this study employed embedding reduction, where pellets are embedded under the coal to be reduced, and Na 2 SO 4 was used as an additive. The best result was obtained when the Na 2 SO 4 dosage was 4%, and the direct reduction iron powder (DRI powder) with an iron grade of 94.45%, iron recovery of 85.18%, and TiO 2 content of 0.44% were obtained. Titanium concentrate assay yielded 40.43% TiO 2 containing main titanium minerals of ilmenite and ferrous pseudobrookite. The results showed that a suitable Na 2 SO 4 addition (4-6%), DRI powder and titanium concentrate presented better iron recovery and TiO 2 grade as compared without addition, while this advantage disappeared as Na 2 SO 4 addition increased ( > 6%). The characteristics of roasted pellets were analyzed through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry. Results showed that FeS and nepheline are formed by addition of Na 2 SO 4 , thereby benefiting the migration and growth of metallic iron particles in the redox system and separation of titanium and iron. While a suitable dosage of Na 2 SO 4 could promote porosity and induce a reducing atmosphere, but more liquid phase formed by an excessive Na 2 SO 4 was unfavorable and caused expansion of the pellets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Na2SO4 on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

et al. 2015

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“…However, these achievements are only suitable to the specific mineral samples. M. S. Jena [12] and Kyoung-oh Jang [13] explored the influence of magnetic field and operating parameters on the separation results by using experimental methods. However, comprehensive analysis results of magnetic field characteristics were not obtained.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scholars have conducted extensive studies on the magnetic field, operating parameters, and particle separation process in the magnetic separation column [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, deviation problems remain in actual working conditions in terms of magnetic field analysis and the effect of magnetic field on the particle separation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Magnetic Field in Magnetic Separation Column on Particle Separation Process Based on Numerical Simulation

Cao¹,

Wei²,

Li³

2019

JESTR

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The magnetic field in the magnetic separation column is a key factor in determining the separation process of mineral particles. The limited data points and low accuracy of measurement of the magnetic field cause difficulty in estimating the relationship between the magnetic field and particle separation process. A calculation model of the magnetic field of the magnetic separation column was proposed in this study to explore its effect on the particle separation process. The calculation model was established by creating the magnetic system model, dividing the mesh, setting the boundary conditions, and applying the load by using the finite element method. The effect of the magnetic field on the particle separation process was analyzed according to the transient equation of motion. Results demonstrate that the magnetic field strength in the axial direction is in good agreement with the theoretical value. The accuracy of calculation model is verified. The magnetic field gradient is maximal near the upper edge of excitation coil in the magnetic separation column. The magnetic field gradient is 466.8 kA/m per meter when the excitation current is 4 A. The particles form fluxes and accelerate downward. The fluxes begin to disperse and decelerate downward due to the sudden direction change of the magnetic field gradient below the center plane of the coil. The gangue and intergrowth are separated out from the fluxes under the action of water flow. High-grade concentrate is obtained. The proposed model provides evidence for the optimization of the magnetic system in the magnetic separation column.

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“…The reduction-grinding method became the most common process method in beach placer smelting due to its high metal rate of the product and achievement of separation of Fe, Ti, and V [14]. The key is to change the structure of the minerals during the reduction roasting stage, so that the Fe and Ti elements can be separated, migrated, and enriched, thus realizing efficient separation [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Borax and Grinding Alkalinity on the Reduction–Magnetic Separation of Beach Placer

Hu¹,

Gao

et al. 2023

Metals

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The effect of borax on the reduction characteristics of Indonesia beach placers was investigated. The effect of grinding alkalinity on the magnetic separation of the reduced sample was also studied in this paper. The mineral phase transformation, microstructures of reduction, and magnetic separation products were analyzed to reveal the enhanced separation mechanism of titanium and iron in beach placer. The borax could effectively improve the metallization rate and the growth of iron grains in a reduced sample. When 3% borax was added to the reduction process, the metallization rate of the reduced beach placer reached 95.64%, and the metal iron grains grew to about 50 μm. Adjusting the grinding alkalinity could prevent the metallic iron from being oxidized and promote the monomer dissociation between mineral particles. The iron powder concentrates with 94.07% total Fe and vanadium-rich titanium slag with 36.32% Ti were obtained by grinding magnetic separation as the grinding alkalinity pH was 13.

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Roasting Followed by Magnetic Separation: A Process for Beneficiation of Titano-Magnetite Ore

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

Effect of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

Effect of Magnetic Field in Magnetic Separation Column on Particle Separation Process Based on Numerical Simulation

Effects of Borax and Grinding Alkalinity on the Reduction–Magnetic Separation of Beach Placer

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