Roasting kinetics of high-arsenic copper concentrates: a review

Devia, M I; Wilkomirsky, I.; Parra, Roberto

doi:10.1007/bf03402403

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[1] Several experimental investigations have been performed aiming towards volatilization of impurity elements during roasting. Since As and Sb have tendencies to form non-volatile oxides at very low oxidation potential [As 2 O 4 (s) forms at p O 2 ¼10 À5.35 bar and Sb 2 O 4 (s) forms at p O 2 ¼10 À10 bar, 700 °C [2] ], the gas atmosphere during these experiments is maintained at either low oxidation potential [3][4][5][6] or inert. [7][8][9][10] Removal efficiency of As has been found to be much better compared with that of Sb while roasting in inert conditions up to 700 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mineralogical Investigation of Sintering in Cu-Rich Polymetallic Concentrates During Roasting in Inert Atmosphere

Prasad

Lennartsson

Samuelsson

2020

Metall Mater Trans B

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Four different Cu-rich polymetallic concentrates (additionally comprising Zn, Pb and impurity elements As, Sb) from various deposits in Sweden are examined, in particular for the sintering tendency during roasting in inert atmosphere. Experiments performed in a laboratory-scale roasting setup between 200 °C and 700 °C in intervals of 100 °C revealed that significant sintering initiates from 500 °C for all four concentrates. Two sintering mechanisms are determined from the examination of the sintered calcines: (1) solid-state assimilation of Cu-, Zn- and Fe-bearing main sulphide minerals to form a high-temperature solid solution, the iss phase belonging to the Cu-Fe-Zn-S system; (2) low-melting liquid phase formation due to partial melting of galena facilitated by the presence of impurity-bearing minerals, mainly the arsenopyrite and Sb sulphosalts such as tetrahedrite. Galena also forms a melt below 700 °C with the iss phase. Therefore, the presence of galena in polymetallic concentrates generally increases the susceptibility to early sintering. These experiments in inert atmosphere facilitate a fundamental study with practical relevance to the roasting in low oxidation potential environments, favourable for volatilization of impurity elements such as As and Sb.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mineralogical Investigation of Sintering in Cu-Rich Polymetallic Concentrates During Roasting in Inert Atmosphere

Prasad

Lennartsson

Samuelsson

2020

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…At present, the models used in the research of the kinetics of the roasting process are the nucleation reaction model and the regional reaction model [ 24 – 26 ], etc. These models are derived from the assumption that the roasted material is formed of spherical particles, but the vanadium-containing carrier in the vanadium shale alkaline fusion system is the flaky mica minerals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alkaline fusion on muscovite decomposition and the vanadium release mechanism from vanadium shale

et al. 2018

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In order to figure out the decomposition of muscovite and the release mechanism of vanadium from vanadium shale in the alkaline fusion process, the process of vanadium release and roasting kinetics by alkaline fusion was studied. It was found that the addition of sodium hydroxide made the muscovite convert into the sodium silicate and gehlenite. This process promoted the dissolution of silicon and the destruction of muscovite, which could facilitate the release of vanadium. The kinetic analysis indicated that the controlling step of vanadium transformation reaction is changed from chemical reaction control to diffusion control with the increase of roasting time. Compared to the diffusion controlling step, the vanadium related chemical reaction was completed in the first period. The alkaline fusion reaction enhanced the decomposition of muscovite, which could accelerate the release of vanadium and reduce the dependence on high temperature and time in the roasting process. The apparent activation energies of chemical reaction control and diffusion control were 42.24 kJ mol−1 and −9.553 kJ mol−1, respectively. The kinetic model of vanadium extraction from vanadium shale using alkaline fusion could be finally established.

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“…An important aspect of the technology is the intensity of oxidative roasting of the copper ore, which determines the specific productivity of the fluidized bed furnace and temperature and duration of the process; for its evaluation, information on the chemistry, kinetics, and mechanism of roasting is needed. A lot of publications are devoted to these questions in relation to copper-nickel ores [14], copper [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], zinc [17,28,29], nickel [30,31], and copper-cobalt [32] concentrates, as well as individual sulfide minerals which are part of them: pyrite [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], marcasite [47], mackinawite [48], pyrrhotite [34,36,39,[49][50][51][52][53][54], chalcopyrite [36,47,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of solid-state oxidation of iron, copper and zinc sulfide mixture

2023

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The kinetics of solid-state oxidation by air of iron, copper and zinc sulfide natural mixture, which is typical of the pyritic copper ores, is investigated. Using the high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, it was found that the process can be represented by five exothermic elementary reactions, corresponding to intensive burning of iron, copper and zinc sulfides, and two endothermic ones, associated with decomposition of copper and iron sulfates. Kinetic analysis is performed by Kissinger and Augis–Bennett methods, the model-free function mechanism was determined from y(α) master plots and iterative optimization of the kinetic parameters. The limiting steps of these reactions are nucleation and crystal growth, and the values of activation energy, pre-exponential factor and Avrami exponent are in the ranges of 140–459 kJ·mol–1, 1.41·104–3.49·1031 s–1, and 1.0–1.7, respectively. Crystallization is followed by an increase in the number of nuclei, which may be formed both at the interface and in the bulk of the ore particles, and crystal growth is one-dimensional and controlled by a chemical reaction at the phase boundary or diffusion. The results of the work can contribute to the development of theoretical ideas about the physicochemical transformations of pyritic ores and concentrates during pyrometallurgical operations.

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Roasting kinetics of high-arsenic copper concentrates: a review

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

A Mineralogical Investigation of Sintering in Cu-Rich Polymetallic Concentrates During Roasting in Inert Atmosphere

A Mineralogical Investigation of Sintering in Cu-Rich Polymetallic Concentrates During Roasting in Inert Atmosphere

Effect of alkaline fusion on muscovite decomposition and the vanadium release mechanism from vanadium shale

Kinetics of solid-state oxidation of iron, copper and zinc sulfide mixture

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