Robotic Devices for Assisted and Autonomous Intravenous Access

Abstract

Intravenous Access (IVA) is the most common invasive medical procedure. Globally, it is estimated that over one billion IVA devices (needles/catheters) are used annually. However, the overall failure rate in this procedure is unacceptably high, reaching values between 35 and 50%. This has driven a great deal of research and technological development over recent decades, including the integration of different levels of autonomy in IVA medical devices to greatly improve this process. This paper will review these recent technical developments, including methods and systems for vein imaging and localization, needle insertion, venipuncture detection, catheter placement, and complete robotic IVA platforms. Furthermore, this paper explores emerging technical aspects, current limitations, and new research directions that may enable wider clinical translation and better acceptance of robotic IVA technologies.

A trocar puncture robot for assisting venipuncture blood collection

“…Bother and traditional artificial venous blood collection and existing VPBC robots employ rigid needles for puncture blood collection [21,22], as shown in Fig. 3(a).…”

Reply to the Comment on “Sensing Technologies for Extravasation Detection: A Review”

“…Indeed, we believe that these technologies refer to a different topic (improving the placement and insertions of catheters in veins and arteries) and do not really fall within the scope of our paper but could be treated as a separate work, probably worthy of a review paper per se. 2 Some works reported by the Comment's authors clearly demonstrate the growing interest and awareness of the need to continuously research methods for detection and treatment of extravasation. 3−6 The cited works are mainly related to the possibility of building a panel of guidelines and best practices for nurses and professionals for the prevention and management of IE events.…”

“…Since the main goal of our review is to provide the reader with an overview of the systems and strategies developed over the years to monitor the inserted catheter and possibly detect Intravenous Extravasation (IE) events, we did not go into the details of technologies realized for the placement of the device. Indeed, we believe that these technologies refer to a different topic (improving the placement and insertions of catheters in veins and arteries) and do not really fall within the scope of our paper but could be treated as a separate work, probably worthy of a review paper per se …”

“…Indeed, we believe that these technologies refer to a different topic (improving the placement and insertions of catheters in veins and arteries) and do not really fall within the scope of our paper but could be treated as a separate work, probably worthy of a review paper per se . 2 …”