“…This also allows procedures treated in open surgery to be possible via laparoscopy (Cho et al, 2016), (Kam et al, 2021), (Hideki et al, 2015). Some of the most important manual devices for suturing are: Jhonson & Jhonson's Proxisure, which works with curved needles inside single-use cartridges, where the gripper tip moves with a 45° articulation in both directions and has a 360° rotation; the EndoSew, which has three basic parts, the motor, the gearing and the needle unit (Brehmer et al, 2008); OverStich Apollo, which is a system that attaches to a dual-channel endoscope for suturing with a curved needle (Galvao-Neto et al, 2016); Flexible endoscopic robotic suturing system, a system containing a needle controller and a clamp, both flexible, robotic and with 5 degrees of freedom (Lin et al, 2020); FlexDex surgical system, with a 3-axis handle that carries the surgeon's hand, wrist and arm movements to the end effector containing the needle, providing 7 degrees of freedom (García et al, 2021); Endo360, 12 mm laparoscopic instrument, with curved needle and rotation and angulation movements to allow continuous suturing (Leeds et al, 2017), (Guevara, 2019); Endo Stitch, where the end effector has opposing jaws with holes where a double tapered suture needle is positioned, with a rotating lever in charge of transferring the suture needle from one jaw to the other (Huhn, 2016).…”