Robotics in Clinical and Developmental Psychology

Marchetti, Antonio; Dio, Cinzia Di; Manzi, Federico; Massaro, Davide

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00005-4

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Emotional robots (Togni et al 2021) are a subcategory of socially assistive robots and are "aimed primarily at fulfilling psychological needs, such as interaction, communication, companionship, care for others, and attachment" have already been created (Kolling et al 2016). It has been found that in the interaction of people with robots, their attitudes and emotions toward the robots affect their behavior (Marchetti et al 2022). This has practical applications, e.g., emotional robots are already used in the therapy of children with autism spectrum disorders (Peca et al 2016).…”

Section: Social Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiosis with artificial intelligence via the prism of law, robots, and society

Karnouskos

2021

Artif Intell Law

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The rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics will have a profound impact on society as they will interfere with the people and their interactions. Intelligent autonomous robots, independent if they are humanoid/anthropomorphic or not, will have a physical presence, make autonomous decisions, and interact with all stakeholders in the society, in yet unforeseen manners. The symbiosis with such sophisticated robots may lead to a fundamental civilizational shift, with far-reaching effects as philosophical, legal, and societal questions on consciousness, citizenship, rights, and legal entity of robots are raised. The aim of this work is to understand the broad scope of potential issues pertaining to law and society through the investigation of the interplay of law, robots, and society via different angles such as law, social, economic, gender, and ethical perspectives. The results make it evident that in an era of symbiosis with intelligent autonomous robots, the law systems, as well as society, are not prepared for their prevalence. Therefore, it is now the time to start a multi-disciplinary stakeholder discussion and derive the necessary policies, frameworks, and roadmaps for the most eminent issues.

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Section: Social Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symbiosis with artificial intelligence via the prism of law, robots, and society

Karnouskos

2021

Artif Intell Law

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“…Studies in lifespan show that preferences and acceptability of robots in different contexts 5 are related to the like-me nature of social robots, as a function of the developmental level, concerning physical features and behaviors. [6][7][8] The construction of intersubjectivity is an essential step for developing more human-like exchanges between humans and robots.…”

Section: Intersubjectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in humans, repeated interactions build a common history, through the sharing of subsequent experiences, characterized also by errors, mismatches, and relational reparations. 5,9 This process, in turn, creates a relational memory and generates expectations about the relational experiences. In envisaging a human-robot relationship, as imagined by Ian McEwan, it is essential that the first form of intersubjectivity 10 is established, to imagine a sharing of experiences between humans and machines.…”

Section: Intersubjectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Machines Like Us and People Like You: Toward Human–Robot Shared Experience

Gaggioli

Chirico

Lernia

et al. 2021

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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In the past years, the field of collaborative robots has been developing fast, with applications ranging from health care to search and rescue, construction, entertainment, sports, and many others. However, current social robotics is still far from the general abilities we expect in a robot collaborator. This limitation is more evident when robots are faced with real-life contexts and activities occurring over long periods. In this article, we argue that human-robot collaboration is more than just being able to work side by side on complementary tasks: collaboration is a complex relational process that entails mutual understanding and reciprocal adaptation. Drawing on this assumption, we propose to shift the focus from ''human-robot interaction'' to ''human-robot shared experience.'' We hold that for enabling the emergence of such shared experiential space between humans and robots, constructs such as coadaptation, intersubjectivity, individual differences, and identity should become the central focus of modeling. Finally, we suggest that this shift in perspective would imply changing current mainstream design approaches, which are mainly focused on functional aspects of the humanrobot interaction, to the development of architectural frameworks that integrate the enabling dimensions of social cognition.

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“…A key aspect of their use in therapy is to involve the children in extended therapy sessions and thus keeping them focused on specific physical and social tasks ( Wainer et al, 2014 ). A reason for which children with ASD will typically found engagement with robots stimulating is that they are simple (both in appearance and behavior), predictable, and nonintimidating agents, as humans can be in social complexity ( Marchetti et al, 2020 ). An additional pilot study ( Conti et al, 2015 ) involving three children who had ASD and an intellectual disability explored the efficiency of an NAO robot intervention to enhance children’s body imitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Robot-Assisted Therapy for Children With Autism—The Ontological Knowledge Models and Reinforcement Learning-Based Algorithms

et al. 2022

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Robots are more and more present in our lives, particularly in the health sector. In therapeutic centers, some therapists are beginning to explore various tools like video games, Internet exchanges, and robot-assisted therapy. These tools will be at the disposal of these professionals as additional resources that can support them to assist their patients intuitively and remotely. The humanoid robot can capture young children’s attention and then attract the attention of researchers. It can be considered as a play partner and can directly interact with children or without a third party’s presence. It can equally perform repetitive tasks that humans cannot achieve in the same way. Moreover, humanoid robots can assist a therapist by allowing him to teleoperated and interact from a distance. In this context, our research focuses on robot-assisted therapy and introduces a humanoid social robot in a pediatric hospital care unit. That will be performed by analyzing many aspects of the child’s behavior, such as verbal interactions, gestures and facial expressions, etc. Consequently, the robot can reproduce consistent experiences and actions for children with communication capacity restrictions. This work is done by applying a novel approach based on deep learning and reinforcement learning algorithms supported by an ontological knowledge base that contains relevant information and knowledge about patients, screening tests, and therapies. In this study, we realized a humanoid robot that will assist a therapist by equipping the robot NAO: 1) to detect whether a child is autistic or not using a convolutional neural network, 2) to recommend a set of therapies based on a selection algorithm using a correspondence matrix between screening test and therapies, and 2) to assist and monitor autistic children by executing tasks that require those therapies.

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Robotics in Clinical and Developmental Psychology

Cited by 21 publications

References 67 publications

Symbiosis with artificial intelligence via the prism of law, robots, and society

Symbiosis with artificial intelligence via the prism of law, robots, and society

Machines Like Us and People Like You: Toward Human–Robot Shared Experience

Towards Robot-Assisted Therapy for Children With Autism—The Ontological Knowledge Models and Reinforcement Learning-Based Algorithms

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