Robotik im Operationssaal – (Ko‑)Operieren mit Kollege Roboter

Abstract

Hintergrund Medizinrobotik birgt das Potenzial, chirurgische oder endoluminale Eingriffe zu verbessern, indem diese Technologie hochpräzise Bewegungen und übermenschliche Perzeption ermöglicht. Ziel der Arbeit Darstellung historischer, existierender und zukünftiger robotischer Assistenten sowie Herausstellung deren Auswirkungen auf die robotische Chirurgie und Endoskopie. Methoden Insbesondere werden historische Medizinroboter sowie konventionelle Telemanipulatoren vorgestellt und diese mit minimal-invasiven Kontinuumsrobotern und neuartigen robotischen Konzepten aus Praxis und Forschung verglichen. Zusätzlich wird eine Perspektive für die zukünftige Generation von Chirurgie- und Endoskopierobotern geboten. Schlussfolgerung Roboterassistierte Medizin bietet einen großen Mehrwert für die Qualität der Intervention sowie Sicherheit für Chirurgen und Patientinnen. Zukünftig werden vermehrt Prozessschritte (teil‑)autonom in Kooperation mit Experten durchgeführt.

Comprehensive Study of Mobile Assistance Systems and Their Potential Application Areas in Operating Theatres

“…Transport of laundry, waste, clothes, recyclables, sterile goods, samples, and medicine in practice [4,5,[13][14][15] Support of cleaning and disinfection processes [15] MAS assist the scrub nurse or circulating nurse during patient visits or patient handling [2] Stationary assistance systems such as surgical robots that support minimally invasive surgery are in daily use in practice [12,16,17] Enhancing stationary assistance systems such as robotic microscopes, robotic armrests, and robotic scrub nurses are currently being researched [4] Remote assistance of surgeons during surgery is being researched [3,12,18] Simulation of MAS as a circulating nurse is being researched [1,19,20] To summarise, MAS in hospitals assist with operational tasks such as fetching and bringing material [4,5,[13][14][15], cleaning [15], and patient handling [2]. In the operating theatre, stationary operational tasks during surgery are used in practice and are being enhanced in research.…”

“…In the operating theatre, stationary operational tasks during surgery are used in practice and are being enhanced in research. Furthermore, remote surgery is an emerging topic in research [3,12,18]. First simulations analyse MAS in the context of fleet management in operating theatres to support the operational tasks of a circulating nurse [1,19,20].…”

“…While MAS have already been deployed in hospitals, applications in operating theatres have not yet been sufficiently investigated. MAS promise to relieve personnel of burdensome health issues, repetitive tasks, and highstress procedures in the operating theatre [2][3][4]. Therefore, the application of MAS has the potential to overcome personnel shortages by improving the working conditions of nurses and surgical personnel.…”